What is a unicycle? Let's see what Wikipedia writes about the unicycle:
"Single wheel- an electric self-balancing scooter (monocycle) with one wheel, and steps located on both sides of the wheel. scooter uses various sensors, gyroscopes and accelerometers along with an electric motor for automatic balancing, controlled by body tilt."
Let's take a closer look at its device.
Unlike other modes of transport, the unicycle is unusually simple. Let's take a closer look at its external and internal parts.
1. The outer part of the unicycle :
Monowheel body
The body of the unicycle is made of high-strength plastic. It comes in matte or glossy.
The matte body of the unicycle is more practical, small scratches are not visible on it, and it hides small damages more easily.
The glossy case is less resistant to scratches. Usually the case consists of two parts: left and right.
Depending on the models, there can also be overlays on the case, which can be transparent and hide the backlight underneath or simply serve as a decorative element.
A pen
It is clear that the handle is needed for easier carrying of the unicycle. It comes in many forms and is sometimes very comfortable and sometimes uncomfortable. It really depends on the model of the unicycle and on the creativity of the designers.
overlays
Many models of unicycles have lining on the sides of the case. They can be plastic, rubber or foam rubber. On many models, there are no overlays at all. This is an optional element.
Pedals
Absolutely every unicycle has pedals (or footrests) made of durable metal. Footboards come in different shapes: rounded or with square corners. At the top, the footpegs are often rubberized or covered with a scissor to keep the foot from slipping. Also pedals can be folding or not.
External elements:
Monowheel charging socket
Usually it is located on top of the unicycle, but there are models where charging can be located at the end of the case or on the side. Usually the nest is covered with a rubber plug to prevent dirt and moisture from entering.
Battery indicator
Depending on the unicycle models, the indicator can be displayed as a separate display on the unicycle body or be built into the power button. And also the backlight can serve as a battery charge indicator.
Backlight
Not all unicycle models are equipped with backlight, and on those models where it is present, the backlight can play a different role. Somewhere it is simply a decorative element, and somewhere it is designed to illuminate the road at night.
2. The interior of the unicycle:
Inside the unicycle is still much simpler.
Wheel
First of all, this is the unicycle itself, in which the engine is built in. Monowheels come in different diameters: from 5 inches to 18 inches. However, most unicycles are between 12" and 16" in diameter, with 14" clearly being the predominant size.
The engine inside the unicycle
As we have already said, the engine is built into the wheel. A unicycle cannot do without an engine. It comes in different power, from 350 to 1000 watts of rated power. Basically, 500 watts is a good average.
Battery or unicycle battery
Absolutely all unicycles are equipped with batteries. Depending on the power of the battery, the unicycle can travel different distance. Batteries from 99wh to 1000wh are placed in unicycles. You can read more about power and distance on the FAQ page.
A computer
To manage all this, the unicycle needs a computer. It is he who makes the journey possible. A gyroscope is built into the unicycle, with the help of which the computer controls the balance back and forth, the speed of the unicycle, and performs another hundred small tasks every second. Everything to make you enjoy your trip.
Well, the last.
Speakers
Absolutely all unicycles have one or more speakers. Basically, the speaker is needed in order to warn you about speeding. In some models, the sound can be reduced or completely turned off.
Also, in some models of monowheels, the speakers are able to play music via bluetooth.
You lead an active lifestyle and you do not like to spend several hours in traffic jams Or ride in stuffy public transport? Then, the unicycle is the best solution For you! it the new kind personal transport, rapidly gaining popularity all over the world due to its ease of operation and ease of carrying. Below we will consider in detail how the unicycle is arranged and the principle of its operation.
1. Appearance unicycles.
As a rule, the unicycle body consists of two parts made of durable plastic. On some models, rubber or plastic pads are glued on the sides, providing additional protection from damage. On the top is a handle that is needed to carry the scooter. Pedals made of high-strength metal are attached just below the gaskets. To ensure that the sole does not slip, the upper part of the footrests is made of rubber. A hole is placed at the top or back for charger. To prevent dirt and dust from getting inside, the hole is closed with a special protective plug. Very often, the manufacturer equips the unicycle with lighting, which can illuminate the road while driving or act as a decorative decoration.
2. Internal organization unicycles.
Inside the case is the wheel itself. The diameter can range from 10 to 16 inches (depending on the model). A small motor and a microcomputer that controls the gyroscopes are built inside the unicycle. The computer is the brains and without which the control of the unicycle would be impossible. Naturally, a battery or battery is installed in the unicycle to power the engine. The operating time of the device directly depends on the volume of the battery, so the greater its power, the longer the unicycle will work.
3. How to control the unicycle.
There is nothing difficult in managing a unicycle. Acceleration and braking while riding is controlled by tilting your body forward or backward. The gyroscope, which controls the oscillations of the center of gravity of the human body, comes into action and sends a signal to the microcomputer, which, in turn, controls the balance of the unicycle.
4. Conclusion.
A monowheel is a modern and high-tech vehicle, thanks to which your movement around the city will become easier and more comfortable!
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A monowheel is an innovative vehicle with a gyroscopic stabilization (self-balancing) system, made in the form of a motor-wheel protected by an outer casing. Its popularity is constantly growing due to environmental friendliness, compactness, efficiency, maneuverability and mobility.
A monowheel, the device of which is quite simple, can have one or two wheels. The housing is made of shock-resistant, durable plastic. For the convenience of the user, there are soft pads on the side. You can carry the unicycle with a convenient handle. Weight and dimensions allow you to do this without any problems. At the top of the case is a battery level indicator, a charger connector and an on/off button. When riding, the rider's legs are on folding footboards, in some models they are magnetically fixed.
How is the unicycle arranged inside? The "stuffing" of the unicycle consists of a battery (in most cases it is a lithium-ion cell), an electric motor, balancing sensors (gyroscopes) and a controller or motherboard to control the unicycle.
Full charge battery enough for 15-65 km of the way, for each model this indicator is different. The speed can reach 25 km/h.
Let's figure out how a unicycle works. After turning on the apparatus, the gyroscopes fix the position of the device in space relative to the vertical and horizontal planes, transmitting the corresponding signals to the controller. To start the movement, the user must make a slight tilt of the body forward, due to which the general position of the hoverboard in space changes. This change is recorded by sensors, information is received and processed motherboard, after which it sends a command to the battery to send current to the rotor coil. An electromagnetic field appears, which acts on the magnets located on the outer contour of the unit. This is done in order to align the position of the unicycle by moving in the appropriate direction. Thus the movement begins. All these operations are performed in a fraction of a second.
The principle of controlling the unicycle is to tilt the body in the right direction and press the foot on the footboard. That is, to go straight you need to lean forward; to go in reverse or stop - back. The riding speed depends on the amount of inclination and the pressure force.
So, a unicycle, the principle of operation of which is based on the functioning of gyroscopic sensors, will eliminate the need to stand in traffic jams for a long time and will allow you to quickly get to right place. In addition, it can be taken public transport or carry in the trunk of a car. The absence of a handle, like a Segway, makes it possible to talk on the phone or, for example, walk the dog. - transport of the future, which is available today!
Monowheel device
Before we begin to consider the principle of operation of the unicycle, let's figure out how it works. Let us consider separately its main constituent elements.
1) Outer part
1.1) Body
The body of the unicycle is made of high-strength plastic, resistant to shock and deformation.
1.2) Folding pedals
Folding pedals (footboards) for legs are located in the lower part of the case. Some models of unicycles are equipped with magnetic fixation of the footrests. When lifting the footrest of the unicycle, it is automatically magnetized to the body.
1.3) Comfortable body pads
During a trip on a unicycle, the body of the device is fixed by the user's legs (legs).
To create a comfortable ride, special pads made of silicone, rubber or other soft material are installed on the side planes of the body.
1.4) Handle and control panel of the unicycle
In the upper part of the case there is a convenient handle for transporting the unicycle. Under the handle, on the upper plane of the case, there is a connector for connecting the charger, a button for turning the unicycle on and off, as well as an indicator board for the battery charge.
2) Interior
Inside the case, there is only one wheel, consisting of a tire (it is better to maintain the pressure in the tire at 2.4 to 3.1 atmospheres), rims, axles and spokes. The upper part of the wheel is located inside the housing.
Also inside the case are: batteries, electric motor, gyroscope, and motherboard(computer) controlling gyroscopes.
2.1) Battery
The unicycle battery is a tightly insulated battery pack connected to a computer. With the help of a computer, the process of discharging and charging the battery is controlled.
The most commonly used lithium-ion batteries are firms: Samsung, Panasonic, Sony.
The range of the unicycle varies depending on the model. From 15 km to 65 km on a single charge. The unicycle is capable of speeds up to 25 km / h. The unicycle is charged very quickly, for accumulation full charge it takes only 50 - 100 min.
For example, you traveled 50 km on a unicycle, which is already quite a lot (the diameter of Moscow is ~ 40 km), decided to take a break and at the same time recharged the unicycle. Refreshed and on the road again! The battery life of the unicycle is also very high: 1500 - 2000 recharges.
An important advantage of unicycles is the resistance of the battery to low temperatures. The unicycle almost does not lose charge when traveling in the cold.
Many unicycle models are equipped with a regenerative braking system, which can significantly save battery power. When braking, descending a slope or slowing down the unicycle, the battery will be recharged.
2.2) Electric motor and gyroscope
The unicycle is driven by an electric motor with a magnetic bearing. An array of coils (electromagnets) is located in the inner perimeter of the wheel. Magnets are fixed on the outer perimeter. With the help of electromagnetic induction, the rotor is set in motion.
Balancing sensors are installed inside the unicycle to maintain the desired position of the unicycle in space. A similar technology is used in Segways, but unlike two wheeled Segways, there is only one wheel. Therefore, unicycles are equipped with additional sensors that control lateral movements and allow the unicycle not to fall on its side.
The principle of operation of the unicycle
Managing the unicycle is very simple. Much of your body's work is done intuitively. When the body body is tilted forward, the unicycle accelerates; when tilted back, it slows down. This is due to the action of gyroscopic sensors that detect the movement of the center of gravity of your body and, by giving a signal to the engine, keep the wheel in a vertical position.
First, gyroscopic sensors determine the position of the unicycle in space. Then the computer reads the signals from the sensors and instructs to direct the current from the battery to the coil (electromagnets) of the rotor. As a result, an electromagnetic field arises that acts on the magnets fixed on the outer contour of the wheel.
Each magnet has its own poles: north and south. When the same poles interact (south-south, north-north), the magnets repel each other, but if different poles interact (north-south and south-north), the magnets attract each other.
The unicycle starts moving forward if the magnets are in the north-north, south-south position. When the user's body is tilted back, the center of gravity of the body is shifted. Gyroscopic sensors detect this change and send a signal to the computer. The computer, in turn, sends a command to change the direction of the current passing through the electromagnets. This entails changing the poles on the electromagnets, creating north-south, south-north pairs. And the unicycle starts to go back.
Conclusion
Due to its structure, the unicycle has a number of advantages over conventional transport. Compactness is its main advantage. The unicycle can be taken with you on the subway or bus, placed in a backpack or trunk of a car, brought to a shopping center or office.
In addition, the unicycle is an environmentally friendly, fast and quiet personal transport. And unlike Segway, traveling on a unicycle, your hands always remain free. It is convenient to talk on the phone, walk the dog or take shelter from the rain with an umbrella!
Monowheel is the transport of the future!
Monowheel device
Before we begin to consider the principle of operation of the unicycle, let's figure out how it works. Let us consider separately its main constituent elements.
1) Outer part
1.1) Body
The body of the unicycle is made of high-strength plastic, resistant to shock and deformation.
1.2) Folding pedals
Folding pedals (footboards) for legs are located in the lower part of the case. Some models of unicycles are equipped with magnetic fixation of the footrests. When lifting the footrest of the unicycle, it is automatically magnetized to the body.
1.3) Comfortable body pads
During a trip on a unicycle, the body of the device is fixed by the user's legs (legs).
To create a comfortable ride, special pads made of silicone, rubber or other soft material are installed on the side planes of the body.
1.4) Handle and control panel of the unicycle
In the upper part of the case there is a convenient handle for transporting the unicycle. Under the handle, on the upper plane of the case, there is a connector for connecting the charger, a button for turning the unicycle on and off, as well as an indicator board for the battery charge.
2) Interior
Inside the case, there is only one wheel, consisting of a tire (it is better to maintain the pressure in the tire at 2.4 to 3.1 atmospheres), rims, axles and spokes. The upper part of the wheel is located inside the housing.
Also inside the case are: batteries, an electric motor, a gyroscope, and a motherboard (computer) that controls the gyroscopes.
2.1) Battery
The unicycle battery is a tightly insulated battery pack connected to a computer. With the help of a computer, the process of discharging and charging the battery is controlled.
The most commonly used lithium-ion batteries are firms: Samsung, Panasonic, Sony.
The range of the unicycle varies depending on the model. From 15 km to 65 km on a single charge. The unicycle is capable of speeds up to 25 km / h. The unicycle is charged very quickly, it takes only 50-100 minutes to accumulate a full charge.
For example, you traveled 50 km on a unicycle, which is already quite a lot (the diameter of Moscow is ~ 40 km), decided to take a break and at the same time recharged the unicycle. Refreshed and on the road again! The battery life of the unicycle is also very high: 1500 - 2000 recharges.
An important advantage of unicycles is the resistance of the battery to low temperatures. The unicycle almost does not lose charge when traveling in the cold.
Many unicycle models are equipped with a regenerative braking system, which can significantly save battery power. When braking, descending a slope or slowing down the unicycle, the battery will be recharged.
2.2) Electric motor and gyroscope
The unicycle is driven by an electric motor with a magnetic bearing. An array of coils (electromagnets) is located in the inner perimeter of the wheel. Magnets are fixed on the outer perimeter. With the help of electromagnetic induction, the rotor is set in motion.
Balancing sensors are installed inside the unicycle to maintain the desired position of the unicycle in space. A similar technology is used in Segways, but unlike two wheeled Segways, there is only one wheel. Therefore, unicycles are equipped with additional sensors that control lateral movements and allow the unicycle not to fall on its side.
The principle of operation of the unicycle
Managing the unicycle is very simple. Much of your body's work is done intuitively. When the body body is tilted forward, the unicycle accelerates; when tilted back, it slows down. This is due to the action of gyroscopic sensors that detect the movement of the center of gravity of your body and, by giving a signal to the engine, keep the wheel in a vertical position.
First, gyroscopic sensors determine the position of the unicycle in space. Then the computer reads the signals from the sensors and instructs to direct the current from the battery to the coil (electromagnets) of the rotor. As a result, an electromagnetic field arises that acts on the magnets fixed on the outer contour of the wheel.
Each magnet has its own poles: north and south. When the same poles interact (south-south, north-north), the magnets repel each other, but if different poles interact (north-south and south-north), the magnets attract each other.
The unicycle starts moving forward if the magnets are in the north-north, south-south position. When the user's body is tilted back, the center of gravity of the body is shifted. Gyroscopic sensors detect this change and send a signal to the computer. The computer, in turn, sends a command to change the direction of the current passing through the electromagnets. This entails changing the poles on the electromagnets, creating north-south, south-north pairs. And the unicycle starts to go back.
Conclusion
Due to its structure, the unicycle has a number of advantages over conventional transport. Compactness is its main advantage. The unicycle can be taken with you on the subway or bus, placed in a backpack or trunk of a car, brought to a shopping center or office.
In addition, the unicycle is an environmentally friendly, fast and quiet personal transport. And unlike Segway, traveling on a unicycle, your hands always remain free. It is convenient to talk on the phone, walk the dog or take shelter from the rain with an umbrella!
Monowheel is the transport of the future!