D
Rice. 5.3. Window for changing the value of a string parameter
Rice. 5.4. Numeric parameter value change window
The view of the window for changing the values of registry settings, shown in fig. 5.3 is used to change the string value, and in fig. 5.4 - numerical value ( DWORD). The meaning of the parameter defines the data type of the parameter, its possible values, and the name of the dialog box.
Different parameter data types correspond to different ranges of input values. On fig. Figure 5.5 shows the dialog box for editing binary data.
Rice. 5.5. Binary Editing Window Example
5.11. Remove a registry key or setting
You can delete any of the registry settings, for example, by selecting from the menu Edit(Edit) paragraph Delete(Delete), or by right-clicking on the parameter and selecting from the context menu Delete(Delete), or by highlighting this parameter with the cursor, press the key Delete. The deletion procedure is completed, as it always happens in Windows, confirming the selected actions: in the warning window that appears, select Yes(Yes).
5.12. Create a registry key or setting
When creating a parameter, you should determine in which key this parameter should be created. The procedure for creating a parameter is as follows: after finding the required key and selecting it, you should execute Edit –> New(Edit –> Create) and select the type of parameter to be created in the submenu that appears. Subkeys are created in the same way. Paragraph Create(Create) menu Edit(Edit) also contains a submenu that allows you to create a new subkey in the selected key (Fig. 5.6). This menu is activated if the selected object is itself a subkey (located on the left side of the Registry Explorer).
Rice. 5.6. Parameter creation example
The created setting will appear on the right side of the Registry Explorer window. By default, the parameter name will be highlighted so that it can be entered directly. The operation of assigning a value to a parameter is equivalent to editing it, described above.
5.13. Exporting and importing registry information
One way to archive registry data is to export keys and subkeys to a file. The contents of this file can later be imported back into the registry of this or another computer.
To export a key, select the key to be exported and select the item Export(Export) on the menu File(File). On fig. 5.7 shows a window Export a registry file(Export Registry File).
Rice. 5.7. File selection window for exporting a branch of the registry
This example exports the top level key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
You can import registry keys in various file types. The type is selected in the field File type(Save as Type). The default extension is .reg. You can also save the information, for example, in a text format (extension .txt). This will allow you to view files in notepad(Notepad) or using the command line instruction EDIT. Can also be exported to .reg- files compatible with the types of registry entries used in Win9x/ NT. This dialog box allows you to back up the entire registry. In section Export range(export range) two options are available:
the entire registry(All) - archiving the entire registry;
select branch(Selected branch) - archiving the selected key and the entire hierarchical structure under it.
The export process, after specifying the file name, is completed by pressing the key Save(Save). The size of the export file depends on whether the entire registry or a part of it is exported. The size of the file created in fig. 5.7 (the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE key is exported) depends on the amount of installed software, the scope of its settings, etc.
To import a file use the command Import(Import) menu File(File). After running this command, a dialog box for selecting an import file appears, similar to the export window. You must specify the file name and click on the button Open(open). Next, a dialog box appears showing the recovery process. If the values of the imported keys are used by a running OS, a warning may appear indicating that some data may not be recovered.
In files SYSTEM.DAT and USER.DAT in the catalog Windows 95/98 or in a folder C:\W\System32\Config\ in Windows NT the so-called system registry is stored, containing a large amount of information. In addition to the records required windows, most programs install their own information there as well. To make changes to the registry, you must open it with a program designed for this. An example is the program REGEDIT, supplied as standard Windows. Open the dialog box to launch it. Start/Run, enter regedit and press OK.
You will see a window divided into two parts. On the left is a navigator similar to Explorer's navigator, and on the right is the actual information. The register consists of six sections: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, HKEY_CURRENT_USER, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, HKEY_USERS, HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG and HKEY_DYN_DATA. Each section contains folders. If a folder or section has subfolders, then to the left of this folder is the icon " a plus". When you click on it, this folder " unfolds", and the icon turns into " minus" by clicking on which you can again " collapse". If you click on the folder icon or its name, then in the right window a list of those parameters that are contained in this folder (but not in subfolders!) will appear. Each parameter consists of its name and value. Each parameter has its own path, where you can find it.The path consists of the sequence of folders in which this setting is located, starting with the parent folder (this is one of the six main sections listed above. An example of such a path would be HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG\Display\Settings, and the name of the parameter resolution. In a union, the two values, the parameter and its path (often referred to as an address), point to a unique parameter. For example, two different parameters may have the same path, two parameters may have the same name but be in different folders and subfolders, but there cannot be two parameters with the same address and name. The registry can be searched (using the menu, or using a keyboard shortcut CTRL+F).
Highlighting desired section(by clicking on the section icon or its name), you can create a parameter or subsection in it. To do this, use the menu Edit/Create. AT system registry Windows There are 3 types of parameters: string, binary, and DWORD. A string stores one string ( string), in binary - binary value, in DWORD- decimal or hex value. When creating a parameter, you must specify its name. Then, by double-clicking on it in the right window, you can enter the parameter value (or change the existing one).
If the advice says to set the value of a parameter, it means that you need to change the existing value of the parameter to the one you want, or if there is no parameter with that name, create it and then change the content.
At the end of the work, for most changes, you need to close REGEDIT and restart your computer. Well, firstly, let's figure out what it is: registry Windows. When we install or remove programs, change settings Windows we put new equipment, all this is fixed and recorded in the registry. You can say this, the registry is the heart Windows. To view or edit the registry, you need to run the program Regedit (Start - Run - Regedit). Physically, the registry is stored in the directory Windows (95/98) under the names User.dat and System.dat. I say right away if you don’t know what you want to change to 100% do not change, otherwise the price is worthless. Well, for those who still changed, I give a hint. Upon successful upload, Windows makes backup copies of the registry under the names User.da0 and System.da0. This is what we will use. Of course, you can create your own backup copies for every "fireman". If Windows does not load, then when loading, hold down Ctrl. As the menu appears, select " command prompt only", go to the folder Windows ("CD C:\Windows") and type the command scanreg/restore(in Windows NT - rdisk). Now reboot and Windows should start. If there is no such program, then you will have to dial in command line from a folder Windows:
attrib -h -r -s system.dat
attrib -h -r -s system.da0
copy system.da0 system.dat
attrib -h -r -s user.dat
attrib -h -r -s user.da0
copy user.da0 user.dat
Well, now let's go directly to the registry.
1.) Open regedit, find the key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall.
Here you will find full list installed programs. If some programs are no longer there, delete unnecessary folders with their names (an incomplete list is displayed in " Control Panel - Add/Remove Programs).
2.) In key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Current Version\Run
is a list of all startup programs at boot Windows. You can delete unnecessary program, and you can add. For this you need to create String parameter, enter the name of the program for the name, and enter the path to the program as the parameter value. If there are several users on your computer, then the lists of programs can be here:
HKEY_USERS\.DEAFAULT\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion and
HKEY_USERS\(Username)\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
3.) That's it, the warm-up is over and we move on to Main menu.
To get rid of an item Favorites (Windows 98), go to the section
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ Policies\Explorer
and create here Binary parameter NoFavoritesMenu with meaning 01 00 00 00 . All! Now the Favorites item will no longer appear. Delete the created parameter or change its value to 00 00 00 00 to return the item to its place. You can get rid of other items in the same way:
The documents- parameter NoRecentDocsMenu
Settings - NoSetFolders
Find - NoFind
Shutdown - NoClose
Logging out... - NoLogOff.
You can also cancel the work with the right mouse button in the main menu, for this create the same DWORD-parameter under the name NoChangeStartMenu with meaning 1 . Ready! Well, the final touches. Like the message about which button to get started with? Not? Then we create DWORD- named parameter NoStartBanner and meaning 1.
4.) Go to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Winlogon
and create String parameter LegalNoticeCaption. Enter "Chernobyl virus detected" as the value, create another string parameter LegalNoticeText with the value "Click OK and all data on the hard drive will be destroyed". Restart Windows and enjoy the result. In the first parameter we enter the title, and in the second - the text itself.
5.) Now you can change the clock in the lower right corner. Go to
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\International
and create a string parameter sTimeFormat
Its meaning " HH:mm", where HH is the hours, : is the separator character, and mm is the minutes. A reboot is required for the changes to take effect. It's fun to see how a friend will be tormented by adjusting the clock if you swap HH and mm! Well, if you want to spoil very much, then you need to do this: Hm:mH "mH; Hm and so on.
6.) So that there are no arrows in the shortcut icons, find the key HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Piffile and remove the option IsShortcut, the same should be done in the folder lnkfile. Restart your computer and enjoy the result.
7.) Path to installation files Windows 95/98 lies in
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Setup.
Change it and Windows will look for installation files when adding features or changing system settings.
8.) To remove the "palm" from shared resources, just delete the value Default from the key
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Network\SharingHandler
9.) You can also remove all icons from the desktop altogether. To do this, create in the key
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
DWORD value named " NoDesktop". Reboot and see the cleanest desktop in the world.
10.) In order to hide disks in the explorer, go to
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
and create here binary parameter With name " NoDrives".
The value will depend on which drives you want to hide:
Disk A- meaning 01 00 00 00
B - 02 00 00 00
C - 04 00 00 00
D - 08 00 00 00
E - 10 00 00 00
F - 20 00 00 00
If you want to hide multiple drives, then you need to sum their values. But note that these numbers are in hexadecimal. To calculate correctly, use the calculator ( Programs - standard - Calculator). Select from the menu Calculator "View - Engineering", then select "Hex" and count. For example, to hide drives C and D it is necessary to add 04 00 00 00 and 08 00 00 00 . Enter in the parameter value 0C 00 00 00. To hide drives A and E must be summed up 01 00 00 00 and 10 00 00 00, we get the result 11 00 00 00.
11.) Open Properties: Screen, here we cover some tabs. In the registry editor, find the key
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System
create here DWORD-named parameter NoDispBackgroundPage and meaning 1 . Now tab Background will not be displayed. The rest of the tabs are hidden by the following options:
NoDispAppearancePage - Appearance
NoDispScrSavPage - Screensaver
NoDispSettingPage - Setting.
12.) Now let's make the item To open with... always appeared in the context menu. To do this, find the key HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\ and create a section in it shell(if it doesn't exist). Here we will create another section " openas", and in it still " command".Change the value of " Default" on the " C:\WINDOWS\rundll32.exe shell32.dll,OpenAs_RunDLL %1". Done, you can check.
13.) To change the drop rate main menu enter the key
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\desktop
and create String parameter Menu Show Delay. Enter the delay time (in milliseconds) into the value and reboot.
14.) Now let's try the item Open in Notepad put in context menu. Let's go to the section HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell(If not, create one). Create a section " open and change Default on the " Open in Notepad".Now create a partition" command" and in it change Default on the " notepad.exe %1". Ready.
15.) And now let's play with Internet Explorer "om. Want to change your browser wallpaper? Please. Enter the key
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Toolbar
and create String parameter "BackBitmap". And as a parameter, enter the path to the picture in the format bmp and restart your browser. But that's not all.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
create a new String parameter Window Title. In the value, enter what you want to see in the header after the page title, restart your browser and enjoy. The conductor will look exactly the same.
16.) If you want to admire a name or just a word after the clock in Systray(bottom panel) then go to
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\International\
and create two string parameters: s1159 and s2359. Enter the desired name in their value. Restriction - 8 letters.
17.) When you need to restart the registry, and you don’t want to restart the machine, in some cases the following will help: click Ctrl+Alt+Del, then select explorer and button " Complete Task". When asked to turn off the machine, refuse, then press " End task" in the next window, after which you will see how it disappeared and appeared " Task bar".
Not everything works in Windows 95
Registry recovery
Care must be taken when working with the registry. Deleting any important data by accident or unknowingly can lead to the crash of the operating system. Then only the restoration of the last working copy can save the situation.
If you are going to experiment with the registry, first save the SYSTEM.DAT and USER.DAT files to disk. They are located in the directory where the operating system was installed and have read-only and hidden attributes. If the registry is seriously damaged, you can overwrite these files in the Windows directory, set the necessary attributes and the registry will be as good as new. Just do not try to restore these files when Windows is loaded, otherwise the system will completely shut down and save it only complete reinstallation! To restore these files, you must first reboot into DOS and already there replace the damaged files with good ones.
But this is not the only option for data recovery. The fact is that the operating system, on each successful launch, saves a copy of the registry in a CAB file, which is written to the hidden SYSBCKUP directory of the Windows directory. By default, the last five copies are kept. This number can vary from 0 to 99 and is set by the value of the MaxBackupCopies key in the scanreg.ini file in Windows directory. The truth should not be set too great importance, because files take up a lot of space (one file is larger than a megabyte).
To restore the registry from one of these backups, you need to reboot into DOS and run the command
A list of available registry backups will appear sorted by the time they were created. After choosing the right copy, the data will be safely restored, and you will receive a registry that meets the state of affairs at the time of its creation.
But if you installed any programs or changed the settings of the operating system between the last backup and the failure in the registry, then all this data will be irretrievably lost. Do we need it? Definitely not! To create at any time backup registry, use the command
which in case is normal passed verification will create a backup.
Another option for backing up and restoring the registry is to export the partition or entire branch that you plan to modify. This can be done in Regedit for Windows under the "Registry" menu. Select the desired section and click on the "Export registry file" item. After specifying the file name, the data of this section will be exported to it. The file has a .reg extension. To import it into the registry, just double-click on it and the data will be transferred. True, this method of information recovery has one significant drawback: all deleted or modified records will be restored, but the added records will not be deleted. That's why this way it is more suitable if you are making some minor changes, and in order to roll them back without entering the old data again, you can use export / import.
In general, you need to work with the registry very carefully, but if you periodically back it up, then no problems should arise.
Having learned create string value in windows registry using RegEdit you begin to understand that this is not enough to work with the registry. This parameter needs to have a value, and creating a new string parameter creates an entry without a value. The following will show how to add/change the value of a string parameter in Windows registry.
So, after creating a new string parameter, it appears new entry in the Windows registry which has no value yet:
To add or change the value of a parameter, right-click on its name. A context menu will pop up, in which you need to select the item " Change...»:
A mini window will open Changing a String Parameter". In field " Parameter» parameter name will be displayed (it cannot be changed). But in the field Meaning» You can enter a new value or change an existing one. After changing, press the button OK»:
Now in the Windows registry entry, you can see that the parameter corresponds to the value just entered.
Thus, you can enter or change the values of string parameters in the Windows registry using the RegEdit utility.
When working with some programs in operating system Windows sometimes needs to make changes to how they work. In some cases, adding or correcting existing entries in the Windows Registry helps to achieve specific goals. In this article, we will look at how to create a string value in the Windows registry using RegEdit. Several options for how to open RegEdit are shown in this article .
First of all, you need to decide in which parameter you need to add a new string parameter. For those who are puzzled by this question, they probably know what they are doing. So, we find the desired folder in the registry:
The contents of the folder are located on the right side of the Registry Editor. If there are already some entries in it, they will be reflected. To create a new string parameter, free space right window, right-click. A menu will open with a link Create". We move the mouse cursor to that link, a menu drops out. From this menu, left-click on the option " String parameter»:
As a result of these manipulations, a new entry will appear in the registry "". The name of which can (and should!) be changed immediately.
Change the name of the newly created parameter to what you need and press Enter or simply click anywhere on the screen:
Everything! A new string value in the Windows registry has been created! =)
