Parent meeting

"Computer - for and against"

Hello, dear parents - "hello" we repeat this greeting every day. Have you ever wondered why people wish each other good health when they meet? Probably because health is the most important value for a person. Unfortunately, we usually start talking about health when we lose it.

I suggest you familiarize yourself with the following sad statistics.

1. Now in Russia, practically no healthy children are born. For every 1,000 babies born, up to 900 have some kind of birth defect. Among the first-graders of recent years, 90-95% are already burdened with a "bouquet" of chronic diseases, and how many more will be added in 11 school years!

2. All-Russian clinical examination, during which 30 million children were examined, gave alarming results: only 33% of children are healthy, 51% have deviations in health, and 16% have chronic pathologies.

It is no secret that the state of health is strongly influenced by many factors: lifestyle, heredity, as well as many achievements of civilization, including universal computerization.

AT modern world it is difficult to find a child who is not interested in the computer. It's probably just as hard to find a parent who isn't bothered by their child's overindulgence in computer games.Of course, computers are now used in various fields of science, technology, art, so the ability to handle it has become necessary for the child to master any serious profession in the future, to become a sought-after specialist in the labor market.

But, sitting for hours at the monitor, the child not only ruins his health, but also misses the chance to chat with friends, go in for sports.

So what should a caring parent do?

allow or forbidspend time at the computer?

Today you will learn about the benefits and harms of working at a computer, information on the prevention of computer addiction, as well as how to protect the health of your child.

Disputes regarding the benefits and harms of the computer are conducted at all social levels, scientists are conducting research on the impact of the computer on a person, children argue with their parents, parents with teachers, and so on.

You can't help but notice the huge amount good points communication of your child with the computer:

1. It helps to reveal and develop the child's abilities.

2. Is a great way to self-study.

3. Develops independent thinking.

4. Increases concentration.

5. Teaches the child to quickly switch from one activity to another.

There are many computer curricula to help your kids learn with passion.

WHAT IS BAD THEN?

The bad thing is that if the regime is not followed, the computer turns from friend into enemy. We must not forget that everything is good in moderation. Good wonderful games, so useful for children, can become harmful for them.

What are the main, harmful factors that affect a person during prolonged communication with a computer?

Sitting position for a long time;

Electromagnetic radiation;

Overloading of the joints of the hands;

Stress at information loss.

Let's consider these factors separately.

Sitting position

The person at the computer sits in a relaxed position, however, due to static nature, it is forced and unpleasant: the muscles of the neck, head, arms, and back are tense. The result of muscle tension can be osteochondrosis, and in children - scoliosis. To reduce this harmful effect, it is necessary to get up every hour from the computer and do a set of exercises.

Electromagnetic radiation

The question of the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the human body is complex, thousands of scientific papers have been devoted to it. The results indicate the harmful effects of this radiation on the human body. Of course, modern monitors have become much safer for health than ten-year-old kinescopes, but they are not able to fully protect a person. What causes electromagnetic radiation? Scientists believe that the most minimal impact is a general decrease in human immunity, and it becomes vulnerable to harmful viruses and bacteria.

Overloading of the joints of the hands

In the fingers, due to constant blows to the keys, there is a feeling of weakness, numbness and "goosebumps" in the pads. This can lead to damage to the articular and ligamentous apparatus of the hand, and in the future, hand diseases can become chronic. So that long-term work on the computer does not lead to the occurrence of CTS, it is enough to take short breaks every hour, during which to perform a set of exercises for the hands.

The human visual system is poorly adapted to viewing images on a monitor screen. The eyes react to the smallest vibration of a text or picture, and even more so to the flickering of the screen. Eye overload leads to loss of visual acuity. This is due to the fact that the image on the screen does not consist of continuous lines, as on paper, but of separate luminous and flickering dots. As a result, the eyes begin to water, there is a headache, double vision and other disorders. This phenomenon is called "computer vision syndrome". Following the basic rules of visual hygiene will help to avoid it.

Comfortable workplace.

The workplace must be sufficiently lit, the light field is evenly distributed over the entire area of ​​the desktop. The computer must be equipped with a good monitor with the correct settings. It is necessary to do gymnastics for the eyes every half an hour.

Stress when information is lost

Not all users regularly do backups important information. But viruses do not sleep, and hard drives most the best firms can break, and you can accidentally press the wrong button. And as a result, stress caused by the loss of important information.

I conducted a survey among students to investigate how they work at the computer and whether it is dangerous for their health, 82 students took part in the survey.

The results of the survey of school students.

According to the results of the survey, it turned out that 96% of students have a computer at home.

1. Do you have a computer at home?
2. Yes - 96% (79 people)
3. No - 4% (3 people)

It is considered normal if a student spends at the computer 3 hours a day. Among the participants of the survey, they spend daily at the computer:

1. How much time per day do you spend on average at the computer?
2. Not more than an hour - 14%
3. From 1 to 3 hours - 32%
4. More than 3 hours - 41%
5. All free time from studies - 13%

1. What role does the Internet play in your life?
2. I use it as needed (to perform specific tasks) - 24%
3. I like to “walk” on the pages of the Internet when I have a rest - 25%
4. I often look for information and communicate - 39%
5. I can't imagine life without him - 12%

1. What are you most interested in (what do you prefer
2. Computer - 22%
3. Reading a book - 10%
4. Walk in the fresh air - 39%
5. Direct "live" communication with a friend - 29%

1. Do your eyes get tired when working with a computer?
2. No - 74%
3. Yes - 26%
4. slide 8. What kind of activity do you do at the computer? From the suggested options, select one or more options that account for the majority of time spent at the computer.
5. Prepare for lessons, look for "educational" information (material for reports, abstracts, presentations, etc.) - 63%
6. Searching the Internet for "extracurricular" information (music, images, interesting videos, horoscopes, weather forecasts, etc.) - 42%
7. Communicate (on-line, by e-mail, on forums, etc.) - 40%
8. Watch movies, read electronic books, listen to music - 32%
9. Are you playing computer games- 40 %

Most schoolchildren do not know the rules of working at the computer, they do not take enough care of their health, spending too much time at the computer. Which can lead to various diseases, including mental ones.

Computer addiction is a problem with which they are trying to fight all over the world.

Let's see what kind of computer dependencies there are.

Let's start with computer games.

Specialists distinguish the following types of computer games:

1. games like "kill them all";
2. games - adventures;
3. strategic games in which you need to make decisions;
4. educational games;
5. educational games;
6. diagnostic games;
7. graphic, associated with drawing, designing.

Let's look at the disadvantages of computer games. You see them on the screen.

Gambling addiction - This is a psychological dependence of a person on computer games, which affects his physical and mental health.

So why are children so attracted to computer games? Can they be helpful?

Let's look at the reasons for the passion for computer games.

1. A child deprived of parental attention

2. Inability to cope with difficulties on their own

3. Parents in communication with the child are not aware of his growing up
4. Low self-esteem, dependence on the opinions of others

5. Attracts a fictional world

6. Errors can always be fixed by restarting the computer

7. Identification with the main characters

8. Everything happens at the request of a teenager (“I am the ruler”)

9. Computer as a communication partner

There are gambling addiction syndromes. If you notice such actions on the part of your child, it means that he is addicted to the computer.(Parents read the text from the slide)

1. Most of the time (6-10 hours a day) the child spends at the computer
2. He has almost no real friends
3. If the student reacts aggressively or becomes anxious to your prohibition to sit at the computer
4. The child deceives you, skips school to sit at the computer, began to study worse, lost interest in school subjects.

If you have not found such signs, this is good, but any prevention better treatment. Therefore, you must follow some rules:

1. Communicate with your child "on the same wavelength."

From early childhood, make him your ally in family affairs. When talking with a child, ask for his opinion. Every day tell how your day went, ask what was interesting in his life.

Be sure to allow your teenager to invite friends to the house, ask about how he communicates with his peers. Share your own childhood experiences to help him solve his problems.

Remember that for a teenager it is very important how his closest people perceive him. This is the basis of self-esteem.

2. Limit the amount of time your child spends at the computer.

Ophthalmologists believe that a child aged 7-12 can sit at a computer for 2-3 hours, but not at night.

After 12 years, a less dangerous period begins.

But it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of each child. But the main thing - do not let your child play the computer 1.5-2 hours before bedtime and at night.

3. The computer is good!

Keep track of what games your child is playing. Try to keep in home computer games that develop logical thinking. If you notice that the child starts talking to the characters in the games, forbid him to use the computer!

If you find signs of gambling addiction in your child, then you should contact a psychologist.

It should be said that along with the disadvantages of computer games, there are also advantages. So let's see. (Parents read the text from the slide)

Computer games teach:

1. achieve your goal;
2. improve intellectual skills;
3. classify and generalize;
4. think analytically

"Good" games perform a number of functions that positively affect the student.

1. Among modern gaming programs, there are a lot of developing ones.

2. The usual activity on the computer is perceived by the child as a game.

3. Independent work at the computer contributes to the development of the child's small muscles of the hand and hand-eye coordination.

4. Computer games contribute to the development of abstract thinking in children.

And now we will analyze the concept of "Setegolism"

Some people have the Internet installed on their computers at home, and almost every child has it on a mobile phone.

Networkaholics are people who are addicted to the Internet. They need to be online again and again, and they can easily spend 12-14 hours knocking, continuously downloading music, programs, chatting and forums. They make endless virtual acquaintances, without trying to transfer them to reality.

In addition to the main signs of computer addiction, networkaholics show additional symptoms:

An obsessive desire to constantly check e-mail;

Looking forward to the next online session;

Increase in time spent online;

Increasing the amount of money spent online.

According to statistics, networkaholics are no more than 3-5% of total number Internet users.

Memo to parents

Parents themselves should be able to use a computer at least at an elementary level in order to control the child.

The child should not play computer games before going to bed;

If a child uses the computer irresponsibly, a password must be entered to prevent access without parental permission.

Attach to household duties;

Cultivate family reading;

Do not allow access to the Internet uncontrolled;

Do not forget that parents are role models, so do not break the rules that you set for the child yourself.

Now that we have considered all the main "pluses" and "cons" of using a computer, it is probably clear that the computer is turning from a "mechanical enemy" into a friend helping to solve various problems of education, upbringing, development of our child, but subject to all the recommendations about which I spoke.

It has been many years since computers first came into our lives. But even today their popularity is still growing. The market is full of new and improved models. There are big personal computers with large storage. There are laptops which can be handy during business trips and important meetings. There are tablets which are quite small and very easy to use.

Computers are used for a wide range of purposes from storage of confidential information, reading books and watching movies to ordinary Internet surfing. In addition to that, computers are used in a wide range of industries. Doctors use computers to perform difficult operations, pilots use computers to operate airplanes. Computers are also used to launch space ships.

I have a laptop. I use it to prepare different reports, essays and presentations. I often use it to go online and look for the information I need. I also use it for studying. For example, at the moment I am doing an online course. It is a Photoshop course which is specially designed for beginners. They teach us what the software is about and how to use it.

Apart from a laptop I also have a tablet. So, even when I am away I can still contact my friends, read books and check my email. I can also take pictures using my tablet or connect to Wi-Fi. I have my profile on social networks, just like most of other people. With the help of the computer and Internet I can get in touch with those of my friends who live far away.

It is difficult to imagine our life without computers. There are people who think that influence of computers on our life is destructive because people are now living in their own virtual world. However, without computers and Internet we wouldn’t have an opportunity to stay in touch with those who are far away – parents, partners or childhood friends. We wouldn’t have access to a lot of resources which can help us study, gain new knowledge and improve our skills. We should remember about these opportunities as we only have them because we have computers.

Many years have passed since computers first appeared in our lives. But even today their popularity is still growing. The market is full of new and improved models. There are large personal computers with large memory. There are laptops that are convenient to use during business trips and important meetings. There are tablets that are small enough and easy to use.

The use of computers is very wide, ranging from keeping secret information, reading books and watching movies, and ending with a simple search for information on the Internet. In addition, computers are used in various areas of production. Doctors use computers to perform complex operations, pilots use computers to fly planes. Computers are also used to launch spacecraft.

I have a laptop. I use it to prepare various reports, abstracts and presentations. I often use it to go online and look for the necessary information there. I also use it to study. For example, I am currently taking an online course. This is a Photoshop course specially designed for beginners. We are taught what the program is and how to use it.

In addition to a laptop, I have a tablet. This way, even when I'm away from home, I can still connect with friends, read books, and check my email. With the tablet, I can also take photos and connect to Wi-Fi. I have a page on social networks, like most people. With the help of a computer and the Internet, I can get in touch with those friends who live far away.

It is difficult to imagine our life without computers. There are people who believe that the influence of computers on our lives is destructive, because now people live in their own virtual world. However, without computers and the Internet, we would not be able to keep in touch with those who are far away - parents, partners and childhood friends. We would not have access to the wealth of resources that help us learn, acquire new knowledge and improve our skills. We must keep these possibilities in mind, because we only have them because we have computers.

Criminal Procedure Code “Bakshtovsky d / s - School”

IT-teacher

Perluhin Valery Nikolaevich

The computer in the life of a student. Pros and cons

More recently, the computer was perceived as a curiosity. Today, a computer for home use is purchased very, very actively. And if children have reached adolescence, then, as a rule, it is they who initiate the acquisition of a computer. Therefore, parents whose children somehow encounter a computer should be clearly aware of all the pros and cons of using this smart machine.

A computer equipped with multimedia is capable of playing, recording and processing music and video with a fairly high quality, including from ordinary audio and video discs, receiving and recording radio and television programs, serving as an artist's easel and a composer's score sheet, and also working with photos. Modern programs allow a person who is completely unfamiliar with programming to do this.

Telephone, music and video center, typewriter, video set-top box, notebook, reference book, encyclopedia - this is only a small part of the functions that a computer is capable of performing.

However, perhaps the most important advantage of a modern computer is that it is a means of communication. By purchasing a modem and plugging a computer into a telephone socket, you can communicate with any other computer with a modem in any part of the world, exchange programs, texts or play network games and even talk "live" if you and your subscriber have a computer equipped with a microphone. You can use your computer as a fax machine and answering machine. Finally, the most colossal repository of information on Earth, the Internet, can open before you.

Arguments for using a computer

In the modern world, when technologies are developing at the speed of light, it is simply impossible to do without computer knowledge. And the sooner the child will have a computer literacy, the better. The information age we live in really requires new skills from children, such as the ability to receive, evaluate and interpret large amounts of data. And it is impossible to do all this without a computer assistant, which becomes the main means of obtaining information and communication?

Many scientists are sure that the computer is beneficial and only has a positive effect on the mental development of children, citing as an example the expanding capabilities of the computer for learning (including in the process of various games, for example, strategy games).

Moreover, with the help of computer technologies, and, first of all, the Internet, the distinction between the center and the province is removed - modern educational technologies, access to information becomes available to any user, regardless of whether he lives in Moscow, London or a small town .

A lot of special educational programs have been created and are being created - for preschoolers, schoolchildren, students. It has been noticed that many skills, such as counting, reading, reading geographical maps, with the help of a computer, children master faster, and often better than with conventional training. And this is a huge plus.

Modern children certainly communicate a lot with television, video and computers, mobile phones. If the previous generation was the generation of books, then the modern one is increasingly receiving information through the video series.

Let's see what are computer programs for children, what are their benefits, and what are their disadvantages. When using computer educational games, any child's fantasies, heroes of books and fairy tales come to life on the display screen. But objects of the surrounding world, numbers and letters also come to life. Getting into a computer educational game, they create a special world similar to the real one, but also different from it. Computer games are designed so that the child can not imagine a single concept or a specific situation, but get a generalized idea of ​​all similar situations or objects. Thus, children develop such important operations of thinking as generalization and classification.

One of the most important functions of computer games is educational. In these games, the child masters the skills of counting, reading, drawing, designing in an accessible form. Not only psychologists, but also parents and educators who work with children on the computer have noticed that in the process of these activities, the memory and attention of children improve. And this is natural, since it corresponds to the laws of the mental development of children. Children's memory is involuntary, children remember only bright, emotional cases or details for them, and here again the computer is an indispensable assistant, as it makes the content of the material being digested meaningful and vivid, which not only speeds up its memorization, but also makes it more meaningful and long-term .

Computer games are of great importance not only for the development of the intellect of children, but also for the development of their motor skills, more precisely, for the formation of motor coordination.

Almost all parents know how difficult it can be to seat the baby for classes. On the computer, the child is engaged with pleasure, and will never object to the offer to work out on the computer. This is due to the fact that the computer itself is attractive to children like any new toy.

The fear that a child will spoil his eyesight is perhaps the most important fear of all parents. And, in general, it is justified. No wonder ophthalmologists sounded the alarm in connection with global computerization and even came up with a special term - "computer visual syndrome", which occurs in almost all users, both small and large.

Argument "against": uncomfortable posture.

Eye strain is not the only problem a user may face. Computer work forces your child to look at the screen for a long time and at the same time keep their hands on the keyboard or use the mouse. As a result, your child has to sit still for a long time, and this is fraught with pain in the muscles of the neck, back, joints of the hands, and headaches.

Argument "against": mental stress.

Psychologists say that the computer can cause long-term disorders in the field of mental and intellectual development of children. In the so-called computer generation, some types of memory work worse, emotional immaturity and irresponsibility are observed.

They have great difficulties in communication, are not self-confident, notorious and shy. At the same time, they cultivate in themselves imbalance, absent-mindedness, sloppiness, self-isolation, the loss of all familiar values, the loss of internal guidelines, and a disregard for loved ones.

Unfortunately, this is not a complete list of mental problems that arise in children from long-term communication with a computer. By affecting the emotional level of the child, this technical innovation can also cause the child to become more aggressive or even violent. In addition, children stop fantasizing, do not think for themselves.

Computer addiction is a problem with which they are trying to fight all over the world. Children and adults play computer and telephone games, visit Internet cafes, game clubs. The production of games for computers and mobile phones is a powerful industry, and, unfortunately, our children inevitably fall into its networks.

What is "gambling"? Gambling is a psychological dependence of a person on computer games (as well as on others), which affects his physical and mental health. Gamers are constantly in a state of anxiety, they are often aggressive, especially if something or someone prevents them from doing their “favorite” thing, that is, playing. When they win, they are in a state of euphoria, which very soon gives way to anxiety: they need to play again in order to get an energy “feed”. Gamers can spend all their free time at the computer (sometimes 10 hours a day), stop being interested in everything that is not related to the game. Because of this, relationships with relatives, friends, classmates, and colleagues begin to crumble. A teenager “leaves” into virtual, invented worlds, in which he himself is a fictional character. Why is gambling addiction formed? The first and necessary condition for the formation of any addiction is a feeling of inner anxiety and a feeling of dissatisfaction. There are two ways to get out of the state of anxiety: a person either becomes aggressive (for example, he can break objects, take out evil on strangers, up to crimes), or seeks to “leave”. And you can go into alcoholism, drug addiction, religious sects, finally, into the game ...

In a computer game, a person can both “splash out” his aggression on virtual characters and hide from a bleak reality for him. But where does the increased anxiety and dissatisfaction come from? Often the reason is problems in the family, misunderstanding between parents and the child, "abandonment" of children, excessive demands that adults make of them. The second condition for the formation of gambling addiction is pleasure. Whatever a person plays, in soldiers or "shooters", during the game there is an adrenaline rush. And if he also wins, the body produces hormones of joy - endorphins. You want to experience this feeling again and again, and for this you need to repeat the game. This is how addiction occurs...

But why do some people become gamers and others don't? It largely depends on the nature of the person. Teenagers with low self-esteem are more prone to computer addiction, who, through the game, seek to assert themselves: either win a huge amount of money, or feel like a victorious hero in a virtual battle. There is another factor that can give rise to gambling addiction - the degree of suggestibility of a teenager, in other words, his willingness to submit to someone else's will. Usually, teenagers who lack independence, who have difficulty in making decisions, are ready to obey a strong leader, get into the network of computer “shooters”. Cultivate independence in your child, a critical look at advertising slogans, encourage initiative in him. This is the best prevention of gambling addiction.

Another reason that leads teenagers to computer world are problems in communication with others. Children who face such problems try to compensate for the lack of real communication through correspondence on the Internet, communication in various forums, in chat rooms under an assumed name. Often teenagers even impersonate other people, model their own destiny. On the one hand, this is not bad, because the child tries to behave differently than usual, discovers new abilities in himself, which can be useful in real life. But, unfortunately, if a teenager devotes time only to virtual friends, this impoverishes his life even more and gradually leads to the loss of real relationships. In the "risk group" are those children who dream of becoming leaders, but never become leaders. It is they who can sit at the computer for days, imagining themselves the rulers of galaxies. They certainly need to be helped to realize their potential: to support any of their undertakings, to develop their talents and abilities.

Symptoms that indicate computer addiction

1. Most of the free time (6-10 hours a day) the child spends at the computer. He has practically no real friends, but a lot of virtual ones.

2. If the student reacts aggressively or becomes anxious to your prohibition to sit at the computer.

3. The child deceives you, skips school to sit at the computer, began to study worse, lost interest in school subjects.

4. During the game, the teenager starts talking to himself or to the characters in the game as if they were real. He becomes more aggressive.

5. A child who is addicted to playing or chatting on the Internet forgets about food and personal hygiene.

6. . The student has difficulty getting up in the morning, waking up in a depressed state. The mood rises only when the child sits down at the computer.

In order to prevent your child from getting into the sphere of computer games, communicate with your child “on the same wavelength”. From early childhood, make him your ally in family affairs. Discuss, and do not gloss over family problems. When talking with a child, ask for his opinion. Every day tell how your day went, ask what was interesting in his life. Be sure to allow your teenager to invite friends to the house, ask about how he communicates with his peers. Share your own childhood experiences to help him solve his problems. Remember that for a teenager it is very important how his closest people perceive him. This is the basis of self-esteem, and with this style of communication, it will remain adequate. Second, limit your time at the computer. Ophthalmologists believe that a child of 8-9 years old can spend at the computer a maximum of 40 minutes a day.

Experts have found that the most crucial period in the development of the human psyche is the age of three to five years. Try to protect your child from computer games at this age. Up to 7 years, you can play a computer for no more than 20 minutes a day, because at this age the child completely compares himself with a virtual image and is not ready to part with it.

How to control a child:

Quite often the question arises what kind of information the child received from the Internet and what he does on the computer. There are several simple control systems.

When the child is working, occasionally look at the contents of the screen. No matter how simple this advice is, many parents, leaving the child alone with the computer, completely forget about it.

If the child has become a separate user on the computer, look at what toys are on the desktop.

How to reduce the harmful factors of computer influence

The first and most important factor is eye strain. It is because of the load on vision that a child (or other user) develops a headache and dizziness after a short time. If you work on a computer long enough, then visual fatigue can lead to a steady decrease in visual acuity. However, I note right away that it is not the computer that is the main cause of the development of myopia in a child. A huge role in this is played by heredity, TV, reading in the dark. With proper formulation of the case, the load on vision from the computer can be significantly reduced.

1.1. First, image twitching due to the poor quality of the monitor scan is harmful.

1.2. The second most important factor in eye fatigue is the content of the image.

The easiest way for the eye to perceive is a static, large color image accompanied by sound. Worse perceived drawing on the computer. Here the sound no longer plays a distracting role, and the eye does all the work.

It is much harder for vision when the child (user) is forced to read text from the screen. Therefore, the Internet is a rather dangerous thing, because here you have to read a lot, and read quickly.

And finally, the real vision killers are games. A moving image, small elements - all this leads to such overwork, which is removed very slowly.

How dangerous is a computer to sight? When comparing it with a TV, it should be remembered that the resolution of a computer monitor and its quality are many times higher than the quality of a television tube. However, the display tends to be closer. And we can assume that the load on the eye from the monitor is comparable to the load from the TV. Therefore, the time spent at the computer and the time spent in front of the TV should be summed up.

The second most harmful factor affecting health when working with a computer is a cramped posture. When sitting at a computer, the child (or adult) must look at the screen from a certain distance and at the same time keep their hands on the keyboard or controls. It forces his body to accept certain position, and do not change it until the end of the work. In this respect, the computer is much more dangerous than the TV, which allows you to move freely. Due to a cramped posture, the following disorders occur:

Labored breathing. This is the most insidious of all enemies. The forward elbows do not allow the chest to move freely, and this leads to asthma, the development of coughing fits and other manifestations.

The human body is not designed to spend long hours in a fixed position. Long periods of immobility reduce blood flow to the muscles. If this congestion occurs in the muscles of the shoulders, back, or neck, a headache can occur as the muscles transmit "discomfort signals" to the nerves of the sensitive tissues of the face, head, and scalp.

With prolonged sitting with lowered shoulders, a persistent change in the musculoskeletal system occurs, especially in young children. Sometimes there is a curvature of the spine.

There is a possibility of disease of the joints of the hands. When working at a computer, a person's hand is forced to make many small movements, gets very tired, and chronic diseases develop during prolonged work.

To help reduce the harmful effects of a cramped posture, one should sit in the most comfortable position in the most comfortable chair. Your back should remain level, your feet should be firmly planted on the floor, and your head should be kept straight and not protruding forward like a turtle peeking out of its shell. In addition, your chair should be firm, but provide sufficient support in the lumbar region. Therefore, the most important thing in reducing the load is the right furniture. And tables, and chairs, and other accessories should be specialized, and selected specifically for children.

A good chair takes half the load off. A special operator's chair on rollers, with an adjustable back, without armrests and rotating around its axis allows the child to change his posture during work. Children fidget with pleasure on such chairs, which means that their chest and spine work. The gas cartridge makes it possible to adjust the height strictly individually, and this also relieves fatigue.

The third most important factor is mental stress. A computer requires as much concentration as driving a car. Interesting games require a lot of tension, which is almost non-existent in normal conditions. This area is very little studied, since modern multimedia technology has appeared only recently. However, mental stress can be reduced.

First, you need to take breaks at work. At the lesson, the teacher monitors this; at home, you can install a timer program on your computer. Every 30 minutes - a break for 15 minutes, for an adult - 10 minutes. During the break, you need to do the exercises for vision and relaxation, described at the very end of the recommendations.

Secondly, you should carefully monitor the content of the games that the child plays and what sites he visits. Although the idea that the most harmful thing in a computer is radiation is rooted in the public mind, in fact, the impact on the child's psyche can be much more serious.

It follows from what has been read that the safe duration of a child's work at a computer depends on many circumstances. With a well-equipped workplace and correct selection occupations, the safe working time can be significantly extended. Conversely, if the workplace is poorly organized, even generally accepted norms can be harmful to health.

In this way:

To reduce eye fatigue:

use a good monotor, take into account its position and distance from the eyes to the display (45-60 cm);

to get rid of glare on the screen from additional light sources, they should only be used to illuminate documents. Natural light should fall from the side (left).

time of continuous work with the monitor: for an adult - 2 hours; for a child - 30 minutes; break - at least 15 minutes

limiting the time of playing games and surfing the Internet (the most harmful for vision);

2. Reduced physical fatigue (cramped posture):

a special computer chair on a gas cartridge, without armrests;

special computer desk with a sliding board under the keyboard.

3. Reduced mental stress:

limiting the time of shooting games and browsing the Internet;

regular breaks of 15 minutes every 30 minutes.

Also, do not forget about the ventilation of the room where the computer is located.

What to do - to protect your child from the modern miracle of technology or not? The question, of course, is complex, but quite solvable. A computer, like any household item, can be both useful and harmful to a child. But the same can be said about almost any other thing, even the most seemingly harmless children's toy. You just need to know the measure in everything, as well as follow simple but effective recommendations.

Gasin Ilya. Gymnasium, Ramenskoye, Moscow region, Russia
Essay in English with translation. Nomination Other.

Computers: pro and cons

Now we are living in the technical world. We are surrounded by different technical inventions. One of these inventions is the computer. Many people can't imagine their life without the computer. Other people don't use computers because they are dangerous for our health. Which point of view is more preferable? As for me, I am quite sure that the computer is useful for people.

Now let me introduce my point of view. Firstly, the computer is the center of our life. We use computers to find necessary information and learn something. For example, we can learn different languages ​​or learn how to play different musical instruments. Secondly, the computer is necessary for our job. Many corporations and companies, where you work or want to work, demand your knowledge of the computer. Thirdly, the computer is a means of people's communication. We can talk with our friends, whom we haven't seen for a long time, using different programs, such as Skype and ICQ. Also, we can make a lot of new friends with the help of the computer.

But there is another point of view. A lot of people are sure that the computer damages our health and intellect. For example, it is dangerous for our vision, and many people suffer from their obesity because they sit for a long time in front of the computer. That's why some people want to forbid computers. I don't agree with these people. Thought, what I said above is true, you shouldn't sit in front of the computer all day long and visit doubtful Internet sites.

In conclusion I would like to stress that I'm for the computer because it helps us in many ways. And, of course, I agree that the problems connected with the computer are serious, and we should do everything possible to solve these problems.

We currently live in a world of innovative technologies. We are all surrounded by various high-tech inventions. One of these inventions is the computer. Many cannot imagine their life without a computer. Others do not use this miracle of technology. They believe that computers are dangerous to health. Whose point of view is preferred? As for my opinion, I am sure that computers are useful for humanity.

First, the computer is the center modern life. We use computers to find necessary information or learn something. For example, you can learn to speak foreign languages ​​or play various musical instruments. Secondly, to own a computer is necessary for the future profession. Whatever you want to work for, many businesses require computer skills. Thirdly, the computer is a means of communication. We can talk to friends we haven't seen in a while using special programs. In addition, people can make friends with the help of a computer.

However, there is another point of view. Many are sure that the computer spoils our health and intelligence. For example, vision deteriorates, and more and more people suffer from obesity, sitting all day in front of a computer. That is why some people want to limit the use of this invention. I don't agree with this. Despite the negative influence of the computer, no one forces you to sit at the computer and visit dubious sites. There are many other hobbies besides the computer.

Summing up, I want to say that I am for the use of computers by humans, as they help us in many ways. And, of course, I cannot but agree with the importance and prevalence of problems associated with various inventions, and we must do our best to solve these problems.

The computer is not a toy for children.

And the textbook and simulator - something like this you can continue the phrase written in the title. In fact, you, dear mothers and fathers, are not going to fence off your child with a Chinese wall from the achievements of modern civilization, which include the computer. Only this achievement should be used exclusively for pedagogical purposes, that is, wisely and under strict parental control. Otherwise, the computer will harm the child.

By the way, we are talking about computer games.. The child learns the world around him in the game. Therefore, there is nothing surprising and terrible in the fact that he is drawn to play on the computer. The task of parents is to use this craving for the benefit of the intellectual development of their child and not at the same time cause irreparable harm to his health and psyche. So let's weigh all the pros and cons.

The arguments against computer games are simple. Firstly, they take away precious time, which is better spent with a book in hand or in the fresh air. Secondly, different shooters and scarecrows develop aggressiveness. A teenager who is carried away by them often shows unmotivated cruelty, ceases to distinguish the line between good and evil, well, let alone psychological dependence on a computer, when they spend day and night on it - a day away - written and rewritten, and the number of such addicts does not decrease. Thirdly, sitting at a computer adds work to ophthalmologists. And not only to them - pediatricians, psychiatrists and neuropathologists repeat about the dangers of computer vigils.

Arguments for. Harm is obtained if the measure is not observed. If you work at the computer according to the rules, the benefits will be enormous. Computer "toys" develop logic, resourcefulness, non-standard thinking. Thanks to the computer, the child discovers new qualities in himself, learns to think creatively. The computer is now increasingly used to prepare the child for school. It develops the ability to analyze, attention, visual memory, with its help you can teach a child to read and write, draw, count, etc.

Computer games and programs are designed in such a way that the child is involuntarily forced to adjust his actions depending on the situation.. Thanks to computer games, the child gets a generalized idea of ​​similar situations or objects. Thus, he learns to generalize and classify, begins to think without relying on external objects. And this is the ability to read “to yourself” and count in your mind. The achievements of children in computer games are immediately evaluated by their peers, which increases self-esteem and adds confidence.

And finally, by practicing with the keyboard and mouse, the child develops fine motor skills. and coordinates the activities of the eyes and hands. At the same time perseverance develops. On the computer, the kid is engaged with pleasure, because no child will perceive computer games as an activity.

But, as we have already said, it is important not to overdo it here.. Listen to the advice of doctors, and you will immediately understand how to play on the computer. A 5-6-year-old kid can spend no more than 10-15 minutes at the computer. After that, you need to rest. If a child has vision problems, he should only work on a computer with glasses. Make sure you have good lighting in your work area. The light should not fall on the screen and shine directly into the eyes. The distance from children's eyes to the monitor should be at least 50-70 cm.

Hands should be at elbow level, and wrists should be at the edge of the table(on the base plate). Do not forget about walking, playing sports. Never allow your child to eat or drink at the computer. After class, wash your child with cool water or wipe his face with a damp cloth.

What to play. Games should be chosen with children's perception in mind. The easiest thing for children to perceive is a large color still image with sound. With the smallest, you can safely view photographs and pictures on a computer, accompanied by narration. When drawing on a computer, a child strains his eyesight very much. And that means he's stressing himself. The same can be said about reading text from the screen. Harmful: moving on high speed picture and small details.

Well, in order not to get into a mess, choose the right game and not hit the face in front of the children in the dirt, it would not be bad for parents to understand what computer games are and what the name of their genre means. Adventure (adventure) are usually made out as a cartoon, sitting at the computer can control the action. Arising problems are solved with the help of finds - items that the character finds, overcoming different levels of the game. Here, a balance is important between the complexity of the tasks that arise and the capabilities of the child. If the tasks are too simple, the game will end too quickly, the child will not get satisfaction from overcoming obstacles. If, on the contrary, everything is too difficult, the kid will lose interest in the game.

The strategy involves management. Troops, factories, minerals - it is not so important, it is important that at the same time something needs to be planned and monitored for the current situation. The goal is to score points or win something. These fairly complex games develop perseverance, train thinking for the future.

Arcade games split into levels, the reward and the goal is to advance to the next episode or mission. Here the player scores points and bonuses (for example, lives) for finding secret doors, passing speed, etc. In such games, the eye, attention, reaction speed are trained. But they can be recommended to preschoolers only if parents keep track of the time. Role-playing games involve many characters, each of which has its own role. Together, the heroes must find a treasure, treasure or learn a spell. And on the way to the goal, you need to overcome pests and overcome a lot of obstacles. The child must learn how to use the characters correctly.

3D-Action is zatyukannye and overplayed by all yell-shooter-killer. special effects, 3D graphics create the effect of presence, which, in principle, is dangerous for a fragile child's psyche. The child will not learn anything new from them, unless he develops the motor skills of his hands. But, honestly, it is possible to develop motor skills using less costly methods for the psyche and health. In general, there is little benefit from them, but the harm is obvious. Including from the point of view of morality.

Logic games are puzzles. The main thing is that they are accessible to the child. Here you will find puzzles for rearranging figures, drawing up a drawing, and solving some simple puzzles like “find the extra”. With their help, they teach children counting, reading, writing and other wisdom. And at the same time they train logical thinking, memory, motor skills and other qualities necessary in this life.

Simulators usually explain what is it that they simulate or imitate. These can be simulators of sailing or modern ships, cars, spaceships, airplanes, helicopters, whatever you want. The desire of the child to sit behind the wheel and control the complex mechanism, manufacturing companies have learned to take into account "excellently". What is good, the responses are almost the same as in reality. Even the smallest details are respected. And the child gradually begins to understand: he sharply turned the steering wheel - the car spun in place, if you want to turn to the right, then turn the steering wheel there too, but do not forget to return it to its previous position in time. Reaction speed is what such games bring up. Not bad, right?

Conclusions? Simple. The genre of the game must be chosen in accordance with the temperament and capabilities of the child. Some people like calm games, others - dynamic ones. Focus on research content, developing component. During the game, the kid should take the initiative, try to solve problems that arise, analyze the situation, and draw conclusions. Keep a close eye on the time. Rules first! And keep in mind: the more active and intense the rhythm of the game, the less time it should last. But you can not interrupt the game before the child completes the episode. The proverb “finished business - walk boldly” has not yet been canceled. In addition, the child must get up from the computer with the consciousness of a successfully completed task.

Unobtrusively, but persistently bring to the attention and consciousness of the baby: the computer is good, but not to the detriment of other activities: sleep, food, walking, sports, reading books, etc. The more firmly this is learned, the calmer you will be when the child grows up and adults can no longer control him completely. And - most importantly: the computer and communication with its help play only an auxiliary role. The real world is much more complex than virtual reality. Therefore, do not forget to introduce the baby to the real world, let the baby actively communicate with peers, and the computer will be just one of his hobbies.