Consider the top three giant TVs from leading manufacturers. With solid dimensions, they are suitable for installation in halls and large living rooms. From watching TV programs on such a gadget, its owner gets great pleasure, discovering the incredible possibilities of advanced technologies. The thoughtful design and huge potential of large display TVs give them a sophisticated look, opening up wide functionality to users.
LCD TV LG 105UC9V
This device is produced by a Korean company and belongs to the premium equipment. Launched in 2014, the TV features a giant screen and superb sound for stunning images. The curvature of the screen of the device eliminates the problems associated with distortion of the picture at the edges. The sound system, consisting of nine bands, was developed by the specialists of the American company harman / kardon and harmoniously fits into its thin body. Let's take a look at the technical parameters of this model below:
Dimensions and scope of delivery
The TV is equipped with an ergonomic LG Magic Remote that supports all the solid set of functions it performs, allowing you to go to the desired site, select information of interest or visit the online application store with one touch. At the same time, there are fewer buttons on the remote control than on a conventional TV remote control.
A feature of the remote control is the presence of an accelerometer, which actually performs the functions computer mouse, moving the cursor across the display based on hand movement.
The dimensions of the gadget with the stand are 2494x1515x483 mm, and the weight of the equipment is 155 kg.
Model design
The appearance of the gadget corresponds to the premium class. Thanks smoothly curved screen a feeling of complete immersion in the image is created, which is ensured by the equal distance of its surface from the viewer's eyes, so even at the edges the details of the image are clearly visible. The display has a beautiful finish and is placed in a thin frame, which makes the model light.
Specifications
Among the main parameters of the LG 105UC9V, it is worth highlighting:
- Equipped with a powerful processor for 4 cores.
- Refresh rate? 200 Hz.
- The webOS operating system, featuring a rich selection of applications for download and a clear interface.
Screen
The main display parameters are as follows:
- Diagonal LG 105UC9V is 105 inches or 268 cm.
- The screen aspect ratio of 21:9 allows you to enjoy viewing as if you were in a real cinema, without the presence of black bars located at the top and bottom of the screen.
- Image playback is carried out in 4K Ultra HD format.
- The high-tech resolution of 5120x2169 pixels ensures the integrity and detail of the image even at a very close distance.
- Matrix type TFT IPS.
TV acoustics
The soundtrack of the gadget is also top notch. Its 150W sound system is equipped with built-in stereo speakers that transform the sound and make it more perfect. The viewer watching the programs on it has the impression of being in a cinema. Generally acoustic system It comes with 9 speakers for high quality sound.
Additional features
- Internet access using LAN or Wi-Fi module. This feature is in demand among Smart TV users, because it allows you to watch your favorite movies, animated films, sports programs, TV series, music videos, as well as channels from other countries, and not be tied to the TV program guide, which is offered for viewing by tuned channels.
- Reliable communication support wireless internet providing the viewer with an uninterrupted and comfortable viewing experience.
- Child lock, sleep timer, built-in camera, Skype and 3D support, gesture/voice control.
- Direct LED lighting.
The cost of the LG 105UC9V LCD TV is from 4,378,000 rubles. Watch the video review of the gadget below:
TV Samsung UE105S9
Samsung UE105S9 is one of the biggest Korean TV devices released in 2014. The curved screen delivers richer colors, deeper blacks and purer whites. When viewing it, a feeling of real presence is created, since, in addition to unsurpassed color reproduction, it has surround sound. This miracle of modern technology also occupies a leading position in the ranking of the largest TVs. But its price is quite justified, since the gadget is made according to latest technology, with impeccable quality.
Device design
The LG 105UC9V features an exquisite design. Its screen is housed in a curved frame adorned with precious metals to help express its owner's individuality. The TV is a great addition to a large hall, gallery or spacious apartment. The dimensions of the gadget are 2601x1811x662 mm, and the weight with the stand is 107 kg.
Image
The screen diagonal is 105 inches or 267 cm, the configuration is 16:9, and the screen resolution is 3840x2160 mm. The display has the following characteristics:
- The UHD image provides clear transmission and realism of the picture.
- The presence of the PurColor function contributes to natural color reproduction, the reproduction of natural colors that are closest to real shades.
- The use of innovative technology provides high definition to dynamic scenes.
- Thanks to the introduction of CMR technology, image blur is eliminated, so it is very clear.
- 4K UHD support and 2D to 3D conversion.
- Viewing angle 178 degrees.
TV acoustics
The powerful sound of the device is provided by the presence of five speakers. The transmitted sound is very clear and literally fascinates the viewer. Sound power is 120 watts.
Additional features of the device
Since the TV belongs to the Smart TV category, it opens up access to a huge world of all kinds of entertainment:
- Using Internet access, the owner of the Samsung UE105S9 has the ability to communicate via Skype and use a number of other applications. The gadget supports teletext.
- The device provides the Multi-Link Screen function, which consists in viewing information from several sources on one screen.
- You can control the TV using the remote control, as well as voice or gestures.
Technical parameters of the model
In addition to its large size, image and sound quality, this TV impresses with its technical parameters:
- The sweep frequency is 1200 Hz.
- Refresh rate - 1000 Hz.
- Availability of LED lighting.
- Ability to record video to a USB drive.
The cost of Samsung UE105S9 is 6,000,000 rubles. How the TV looks like in the video:
TV Sony KD-85X9505B
Sony KD-85X9505B is the flagship model that entered the market in 2014. The device features a classic performance. He possesses slim body and stable legs. The high refresh rate delivers true-to-life, glare-free images. The richness of shades is amazing, delighting its owner with lively colors. Watching programs and videos on this device is very pleasant. The Smart TV function opens up the possibility for its users to online viewing films, sports and other programs of interest to him.
Design and dimensions of the TV
TV Sony KD-85X9505B with liquid crystal display. The model has an original design and a screen diagonal of 85 inches.
The dimensions of the device with a stand are 1957x1576x591 m, and its weight is 73.7 kg.
Image
The TV display format is 16:9, which provides a comfortable viewing of your favorite content. In addition, the display has the following features:
- Screen resolution 3840x2160 pixels.
- With 4x detail, an image containing over 8 million pixels appears on the screen. Therefore, the image clarity is four times higher than that of Full HD.
- The excellent quality of each pixel is guaranteed by an advanced processing system, which allows you to watch programs even from a short distance and fully immerse yourself in the process of watching your favorite content.
- The active technology of forming a three-dimensional image allows you to enjoy the realism of what is happening on the TV screen to its owner, using stereo glasses.
TV acoustics
The body of the device features a custom design with a tube length of 1.2 m. This improves the sound of low frequencies, increasing their power and range, while filling the space with surround sound. The device supports NICAM stereo sound. Sound power 40 watts.
Device specifications
- Equipped with LED lighting.
- The refresh rate of the device is 800 Hz.
- Shutter technology with 2D to 3D conversion.
- 4K UHD support.
- The ability to record audio and video files to a USB drive and then play back the recorded on the screen.
Additional features
- The Sony KD-85X9505B has the ability to connect to the Internet wirelessly.
- Built-in camera and installed applications opens up opportunities for communication in social networks by Skype.
- The gadget has a picture-in-picture feature.
- The equipment interface has four HDMI port and a headphone output. All cables feature convenient placement. The port replicator is compact in size, so you can mount your TV flush against a wall and still have easy access to the connectors.
- Mobile High-Definition Link allows you to exchange data between the TV and the device that is connected to it, as well as to recharge it.
- Wireless sync between Sony KD-85X9505B and mobile devices provided thanks to the NFC interface.
- Equipped with a remote control with a touchpad, the TV can be easily controlled with a light touch on the touch panel. You don't even need to point the remote at the TV as it works via Bluetooth.
- The TV SideView application allows you to control your TV viewing using your smartphone or iPhone.
- The screen is rotated up to 88 degrees for true-to-life images, while X-tended Dynamic Range™ PRO high-contrast technology delivers superb detail and deep blacks.
- The use of TRILUMINOS™ screen technology provides excellent reproduction of the most complex shades: blue, green, red.
- The device provides viewing of on-air programs, receives programs of digital and satellite television, as well as scrambled satellite channels.
Widescreen TVs, included in the top three of the leaders described above, are successfully able to replace a visit to the cinema for their owner. These modern gadgets have the function ultra high definition 4K and show a picture of unsurpassed quality. The image is so realistic that the effect of presence is created, and the impression that everything seems to come to life. High quality surround sound and other popular features combined with simple interface make the LG 105UC9V, Samsung UE105S9 and Sony KD-85X9505B TVs luxury accessories that not everyone can afford. Therefore, these devices enter the domestic market in the amount of several pieces.
Briefly about the article: Televisions based on kinescopes and liquid crystals, plasma and projection - today we will consider all the known types of these "pets", because the TV will not least determine how pleasant it will be to watch your favorite films.
The history of the four "boxes"
Varieties of modern TVs
Not so long ago, the problem of choosing a TV for most domestic consumers was not. The Soviet industry produced two or three models for more than two hundred million people, and everyone was extremely happy. Today, hundreds of different TVs are dazzling. Modern "boxes" differ not only in price and diagonal size, but also in the principle of image formation. Dark forest? So let's look for clear guidelines in it.
One gun - one screen
Televisions based on kinescopes (CRT - cathode ray tubes) appeared a long time ago, which is why today they are the most common. The principle of operation of such "boxes" is extremely simple. The reverse side of the screen is covered with a phosphor (when this substance is bombarded with charged particles, it begins to glow). An electron beam passes through it line by line, “setting fire” to multi-colored phosphor dots.
The problem is that in one very short period of time only a few lines are lit on the screen. We see the whole picture only because of the peculiarities of our vision. The subconscious still "understands" such a deception, and we have to keep the constituent parts of the image in memory. That is, even while relaxing in front of such a TV, we tense up a little.
For a long time, CRT TV screens were convex. "Plain" instead of "hill" engineers managed to get about ten years ago. Today, only the smallest and cheapest TVs are equipped with non-flat screens. By the way, the price is one of the most significant advantages of kinescope models. Such TVs have now finally moved into the category of inexpensive solutions for people with a limited budget. This applies even to models of famous brands, including Sony , Philips and Panasonic .
Another advantage is that CRT technology has been honed to the limit. Improving it is like reinventing the wheel or editing a classic novel. So, almost all kinescope TVs are equally good. CRT picture quality - in the highest degree satisfactory. The kinescope from birth is endowed with a quick response, good contrast and natural color. If you add to the list of pluses reasonable price and long service life, it turns out quite a worthy candidate for purchase.
There are kinescope TVs and disadvantages. Remember that the subconscious reveals the deception about the whole image on the screen? So, if you come close to the TV and look closely, your eyes will catch the flickering of the picture. Still, the change of frames is not so fast as to go completely unnoticed. In part, this problem is solved by buying a high-quality TV with a frame scan of 100 Hz (fortunately, most of them are now). The picture on it is updated 100 times per second, which significantly reduces eye fatigue.
In addition, the “CRT” image has such problems as poor convergence of rays (may appear in a slight “iridescence” of objects), imperfect focus (the picture loses its clarity), as well as noticeable geometric distortions (a straight line looks curved).
We are so accustomed to large TV sets that we design the furniture arrangement in the room with the “hefty black TV box” in mind. But this is a disadvantage. Yes, yes, the TV can be smaller and lighter, and in general it can be hung on the wall. But, of course, not a CRT. This is destined to live out his life "on the floor."
The takeaway for CRT TVs is this: if you're on a tight budget (like our government is), stick with the good old CRT box. It will become a rarity thing not earlier than in seven or eight years.
Picture from gas
A brief lesson in physics: plasma is the fourth state of matter (there are also liquid, solid and gaseous, if suddenly someone does not know). It is a fully or partially ionized gas, where the densities of positive and negative charges are approximately the same.
Why do we need to know this? For a better understanding of how plasma TVs work. After all, today they can be increasingly found on the shelves of shops and in the living rooms of middle-income families. The plasma screen consists of two glass panels, between which there are many tiny cells filled with an inert gas - neon or xenon. Each dot on the display consists of three separate cells coated with red, green or blue phosphor.
Under the influence electric current the gas inside the pixels turns into plasma and begins to emit ultraviolet rays. UV radiation causes the phosphor to glow. The longer the cell glows, the greater the brightness. At the same time, the brightest points may not go out at all, and the dark ones simply do not light up. Image flicker is present, but it is not noticeable to our eyes.
The advantages of "plasma" are obvious: a perfectly flat screen of small thickness, a huge diagonal (it can reach two or three meters), bright and rich colors, no problems with focusing and convergence of rays, a relatively long service life, good viewing angles (when viewed from the side, the colors are distorted slightly).
Meanwhile, the technology for the production of "plasma" itself is very complex. Therefore, few people are engaged in the manufacture of such screens. Among the manufacturers of plasma TVs are the following: a joint venture Fujitsu and Hitachi , NEC , Pioneer , LG and Samsung . All. Not good, right?
Well, now a few words about the very ones without which it is impossible - the shortcomings. The first is too high a price. Many plasma TVs cost as much as a car. The second is high "gluttony". At least 350 watts are spent on powering a 42-inch panel. CRT TVs are noticeably more economical.
For those who like to pause the player in the middle of watching a movie and go about their business for a long time, plasma is not the best choice. Due to the peculiarities of the phosphor coating, when a static image is displayed for a long time, the intensity of the glow of individual pixels noticeably decreases. That is, over time, the brightness of the screen may decrease. In addition, due to the impressive weight (30-70 kg), it is quite difficult to hang a plasma TV on the wall. But you can. Otherwise, why is he so thin?
It is worth distinguishing between plasma panels and plasma TVs. And then, having paid several thousand conventional units, you can get a “TV”, to which you cannot even connect a television cable. Yes, that's right: a TV tuner is needed to receive TV programs on a plasma panel. If not, you will have to buy separately.
There has been a lot of talk lately about high-definition television ( HDTV - High Definition TV). This highest definition is achieved due to the large number of dots that form the image. So, modern plasma TVs for the most part have sufficient resolution (that is, the number of dots that form a picture) to display a new type of signal without distortion. At the same time, they are well suited for modern television standards.
liquid image
Liquid crystal screen technology ( LCD - Liquid Crystal Display) has been around for decades. The most natural LCD boom began in the late nineties of the last century and continues to this day. Today, more than half of computers are purchased with LCD monitors. Laptops have also been equipped with them for the last 15 years. The point is small - to force CRT TVs out of living rooms.
Why are LCD TVs good? Let's turn to theory. The liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between two transparent panels made of film or very clean and sodium-free glass. Under the action of an electromagnetic field, the crystals change the axis of polarization of the light passing through them. As a result, one cell can change its value from maximally transparent (white color) to opaque (black color). All intermediate values are shades of gray. To get a color image, it is enough to apply color filters to the cells. The transparency of the pixels is controlled by thin-film transistors ( TFT - Thin Film Transistor), which are sprayed onto the screen in a special way. The number of thin film transistors can be in the millions. The process of creating an LCD screen is quite complicated, so it is not surprising that in the early days of their existence, LCD displays cost more than the most powerful computers.
With LCD TVs, the situation is somewhat more complicated. They began to appear on the market relatively recently. Previously, the biggest problem was the impossibility of creating large LCD screens - the largest hardly reached a diagonal of 30 inches. But modern technology allows you to make screens up to 60 inches in size. On the other hand, one important advantage follows from this shortcoming. Not only large LCD TVs are produced, but also small ones, with a diagonal of 15-17 inches. With plasma, such a focus will not work. And there is no need to cover half the wall in the kitchen with a TV screen. A thin and elegant LCD TV would be much more preferable.
The electronics of LCD TVs constantly have to struggle to bring image clarity to an acceptable level. The resolution of liquid crystal matrices is strictly fixed, since the number of cells cannot be increased or decreased. But the video signal often does not match the resolution of the TV. In this case, the image has to be scaled, which inevitably leads to distortion.
In general, LCD TVs are gradually becoming "adults", and not only in size. The picture every day pleases more and more, approaching the ideal. The mass of such TVs is quite small: 24-inch models usually weigh no more than 13 kg. Energy consumption is negligible. The price is almost always right.
And one warrior in the field
There is another type of TV - projection. Outwardly, they look like kinescopes, but the diagonal of their screen is usually much larger. A powerful lamp is hidden inside the case of such a “box”, which projects an image onto White screen. Installed between screen and lamp big number components that form and enhance the image.
Projection TVs come in two types. Some are based on cathode ray tubes, others are based on liquid crystals. In the first case, three small kinescopes (for red, green and blue colors) are hidden inside the case, the rays of each of which go a long way through a system of prisms, lenses and mirrors. The resulting image is projected onto a screen. Such TVs, like CRT models, have a drawback with the screen refresh rate: it can be either 50 Hz or 100 Hz.
Liquid crystal projection televisions have either one three-color LCD matrix or three (one each for red, green and blue) installed inside liquid crystal projection TVs. The formed image is illuminated by a lamp, then passes through a complex system of lenses and hits the screen. This type is preferable to the CRT version. Projection LCD TVs are lighter, have no geometry issues, and boast high resolution (which means high definition).
It is not uncommon for the lamp that provides the backlight to become very hot, so projection TVs are equipped with a fan for cooling. So don't be surprised if you suddenly hear some noise in the room - it's the TV cooling down.
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There is another subtype of projection TVs. It is based on technology DLP (Digital Light Processing- digital light processing), which was developed and patented by the company Texas Instruments in 1996. In such TVs, a fully finished optical-mechanical module is installed, where there are special DMD-chips (they consist of a huge number of micromirrors) that process the image and project it onto the screen. Such chips can be installed from one to three. Of course, it is best when there are three of them. The image in this case is the highest quality. There is only one problem - the price is not at all democratic: you will have to pay more than tens of thousands of American money for a TV with three chips, while single-chip models can be found at a price of about $ 3,000. The main advantages of DLP TVs include good contrast, accurate color reproduction, high definition and brightness. At the same time, micromirrors do not have the effect of illumination of neighboring pixels, so such TVs are great for showing any drawings where there are a large number of thin lines in the picture. But the lifetime of the illuminating lamp is usually small. And one more thing: these TVs use a color drum, so an unpleasant rainbow effect is often noticeable on the screen. Viewers with hypersensitivity to this effect DLP-devices are strictly not recommended. |
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"So what do you choose?" - you ask. The answer is simple: it all depends on the funds you have allocated for the purchase of a new TV. If money is tight, you should take a closer look at a 100-Hz CRT TV. It will provide acceptable picture quality and last for decades. The only “but” is that large sizes can become a problem when installing such a “box”.
Buying an LCD TV can be no less profitable. The main advantages of this option are high image clarity, compactness and enviable lightness. It makes sense to buy plasma and projection TVs if you want to get not just a big, but a huge screen. Today, a 50-inch projection TV is cheaper than a similarly sized LCD. The same applies to plasma. But such giants are hardly suitable for the kitchen and bedroom.
In 2014, the production of television receivers with a cathode ray tube ceased. Today you will no longer be able to find CRT TVs with a diagonal of 21 inches and above. There are still models with a screen diagonal of 14 inches or less. The time of CRT TVs has passed, and today, basically, all manufacturers produce LED TVs.
TV that uses to display the image on the screen cathode ray tube(CRT) it is also CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), and is called a CRT or CRT TV. There are three cathode guns (red, green, blue) in the kinescope, which fire (an analogy with guns) at a screen covered with a phosphor, causing a glow. The work of the CRT TV is aimed at controlling these guns. And the perfection of the picture that we see depends on the quality of the kinescope and the quality of the control circuit. Therefore, when choosing a CRT TV, you need to look at the kinescope class and the availability of circuit solutions to improve quality (filters, amplifiers, etc.).
Traditional CRT TVs have been on the market longer than others, so manufacturers have already worked out the technology almost to perfection, and thanks to this, you can choose a reliable, well-displaying, durable TV. If you will be using it to watch TV mainly and want to save some money, then you need to choose a CRT TV. It will serve you for more than ten years and such TVs are easier to repair than others.
The appearance of the kinescope television receiver
How to choose a CRT TV according to its characteristics
The main disadvantages of CRT TVs are:
- geometric distortion(for modern TVs in the high price range, they are almost invisible, especially with flat picture tubes);
- ray convergence problem(for TVs with high price almost invisible)
- big sizes(in depth, different thickness) than LCD and plasma (if there is a place for installation, then you can ignore it);
- exposure to magnetic fields(just don't put closer than 1 meter acoustic speakers and other sources of magnetic fields);
- screen size limit(up to 38 inches), for a small room, a diagonal of 90 centimeters is enough;
- harmful effects on humans due to radiation(thanks to modern technologies managed to reduce so much in CRT that you can not pay attention to it);
100 Hz sweep in kinescope TVs
Another disadvantage of a CRT TV is the flickering of the screen. Due to the introduction of 100 Hz technology, this flicker is almost removed. Then the picture will be stable, which will be especially noticeable when reading small letters, and, accordingly, your eyes will get less tired. With this method, the signal is received from the air with a frequency of 50 Hz, but in a 100 Hz CRT TV, frames are stored and played back twice in the time that regular TV goes to play one frame. But there are also drawbacks to this method. Loops will be noticeable on fast scenes, steps will be visible at the edges of transitions, and jitter will be noticeable along the edges of the screen. To eliminate these shortcomings in CRT TVs, various circuit solutions are used. Applying 1-2-1-2 frame interleave eliminates judder in the picture. Digital filters, suppressing noise, reduce the loop. Creating intermediate frames inserted between working frames further improves the picture, making the transitions more natural. Therefore, do not rush to choose a CRT TV with a 100 Hz scan. Look at the picture with a quick change of scene (sports, racing) and then make a decision.
CRT TV sound
If you are not going to buy an additional audio system, but want to listen to high-quality sound, then pay attention to the presence of built-in decoding processors Dolby sound on crt tv.
When buying an expensive crt model, pay attention to the presence of the "picture in picture" and "picture and picture" functions, which allow you to watch two channels at once on one screen. There is also a function to view still images from different channels.
kinescope parameters
When choosing diagonal for CRT TV you need to measure the distance from which you will watch TV, and divide by 5. This value will be the diagonal in centimeters (the distance is also in centimeters). With this size, watching TV will be comfortable, you will not see the graininess of the picture and you do not need to strain your eyes to see small objects.
When choosing a 3x4 or 16x9 format you need to know what you are going to watch. If you watch a lot of DVDs, where films are widescreen, then you need to pay attention to the 16x9 format. If you are only going to watch terrestrial television then choose 3x4 format.
Better choose a flat kinescope than convex. A flat kinescope has less distortion and a better picture, less glare from other light sources. But if you watch TV a little (dacha, kitchen), then this is not so important. And yet, flat-panel TVs are more expensive.
CRT TVs have good performance in terms of brightness, contrast and color reproduction. According to these indicators, they are ahead of many LCD and plasma TVs and CRT TVs are inferior to them only in the set of functions and appearance. And expensive models with flat kinescopes also have a lot additional features, which improves the picture and makes convenient control. And at the price of CRT TVs are cheaper than LCD TVs and plasma panels.
How to provide the viewer with a "presence effect"? You can just make the screen bigger - let it feel almost like in a movie theater. And you can show him a three-dimensional picture or literally surround him with an image. Today in the project "110 Years of Television" we recall how producers tried to capture the viewer with a three-dimensional picture.
Larger size - deeper dive
By increasing the size of the screen, it is really possible to achieve that the viewer will have the feeling of an almost real cinematograph: they say, he is not looking into a box with pictures, but sitting in a cinema.
By the way, this is how the term "home theater" appeared: a bunch of large-screen TV and stereo sound with several sources placed throughout the room, including the obligatory subwoofer.
But until when can screens be enlarged? The largest CRT TV to our knowledge is the Sony Trinitron PVM-4300U. In the US, it was advertised as 43-inch, in other countries - as 45-inch: in American advertising, by law, it was necessary to indicate not the physical diagonal of the kinescope, but the diagonal of the visible part.
But even 43 inches is just a huge figure: 109 cm. For comparison: the most big TV Belarusian production and cost $ 950. The same "Japanese" is almost a third more, but it cost much more: 40 thousand dollars.
Photo from AvsForum.com
Among projection TVs, the largest is called JVC HD-ILA with a diagonal of 110 inches (2.79 m). OLED TVs with a maximum diagonal of 77 inches (1.96 m), LCD - 108 inches (2.73 m), plasma - 152 inches (3.86 m).
True, TVs with a diagonal of more than two meters are no longer so easy to install in an ordinary apartment: a home theater runs the risk of occupying almost half a wall, and the viewer must sit at the other end of the room or even in the hallway for maximum comfort.
And since a simple “mechanical” increase in the diagonal does not lead to the desired effect, then other technologies must be applied. For example, to give the image volume.
Stereo television: first broadcasts
Stereo cinema has existed for a hundred years: back in 1915 in New York, a test screening of experimental films shot using the anaglyph method with channel separation into red and green was held. In the twenties and thirties, stereo films are gaining popularity, various methods for deriving a stereo image appear. And since you can show a stereo movie, then you can try to show a stereo TV show.
The "father" of mechanical television systems, John Baird, experimented with the first systems of three-dimensional television in the late 1920s. However, the matter did not go further than experiments. And only many years later, some television programs began to be broadcast in stereo.
For example, in 1975-1978, the television center in Leningrad, together with the television department of the Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute of Communications, conducted experimental stereo broadcasts; the first such transmission took place on March 25, 1975.
In England, in February 1982, another series of the popular science magazine "The Real World" was shown, containing stereo shots made by Philips in the Netherlands. To view this program, you had to use the red-green glasses that came with the program guide. The glasses reproduced a black-and-white image, but in December of the same year they also showed color stereo.
Soon, feature films began to be shown "in anaglyph": the western "Fort Tee" in the UK and the horror film "The Thing from the Black Lagoon" in Portugal.
Frame from the stereo film "The Creature from the Black Lagoon". Photo from Flickr.com From time to time, such programs were broadcast until the end of the “zero”, but by that time it had already become possible to establish a full-fledged stereo television.
And put on glasses!
Gradually, several technologies were brought to the market: with the use of glasses (anaglyph, polarizing and shutter) and without glasses (autostereoscopic displays).
Anaglyph glasses - the ones with red and blue lenses - are passive systems. However, they don’t make TVs specifically for colored glasses, but you can keep such glasses (and they are produced both in simple cardboard and elegant plastic ones) in case an anaglyph stereo broadcast is shown.
Such red-blue glasses are also used in some cinemas, they are also useful for looking at stereo pictures and some computer games.
Photo from Aliexpress.com Another one passive system- polarized glasses. This system is also very old: stereoscopic images using polarization have been shown since the late 19th century.
After Edwin Land patented polarizing lenses, the system began to be widely used, and stereo films appeared. At the beginning of the millennium, with the growing interest in stereo television, polarized glasses are gaining immense popularity. Basically, two varieties are used: with linear and circular polarization.
Photo from Mail.ru Shutter glasses are a system of active glasses whose lenses are alternately darkened at a high frequency, thus forming a separate picture for each eye.
The first prototypes of shutter glasses have been known since the twenties, although those almost a century old devices can hardly be called glasses - rather, they were some kind of binoculars. And since the eighties, shutter glasses have been used in video games.
Since the end of the 2000s, shutter glasses have been actively promoted by Samsung for television. Such glasses need power and synchronization with the TV.
Photo from DhGate.com Finally, autostereoscopic displays are screens that show a three-dimensional picture without the need for glasses.
Special barrier grids and Fresnel microlenses ensure that each eye sees a column of pixels intended only for it. As a result, the columns for the left eye are visible only to the left eye, and the columns for the right eye are visible only to the right. Of course, if the viewer is sitting in the right place.
First for real and first with reservations
In the race for the world's first 3D TV, there were, oddly enough, multiple winners. Many firms sought to ascribe primacy to themselves, as a result, here and there they announced / introduced / started selling the "world's first" surround-image TV.
In the summer of 2008, Hyundai announced that it had begun selling the world's first 3D TV in Japan, with a 46-inch model costing approximately $4,860. True, it was immediately said that a little earlier, Samsung began selling 3D TVs in the United States, but there, unlike Japan, there are no corresponding TV channels with volume transmissions.
Indeed: back at CES in early 2008, Samsung introduced the PAVV Cannes 450 and PAVV Cannes 550 plasma models. Diagonals are 42, 50 and 58 inches, screen resolutions are up to FullHD, and the price is from 1,850 to 4,145 dollars.
Photo from Gizmodo.com In December 2010, Toshiba launched the first TV models on the market that can display a three-dimensional image without glasses. The 12-inch 3D REGZA 12GL1 was priced at $1,900 and the 20-inch 3D REGZA 20GL1 was $3,800.
Photo from GadgetReview.com But six months before that, on April 1, 2010, many sites reported that the Ukrainian company Electron had developed the world's first CRT 3D TV model 63TK-3D. Allegedly, a 63-inch kinescope shows an image with a "resolution" of 2400 × 1800 pixels. As we know, kinescopes of this size were not produced. But the joke was still funny.
Photo from Gagadget.com When there was no longer any chance to claim the “very first”, firms began to promote “very first with reservations” surround televisions.
So, in September 2010, Sharp introduced the world's first 3D TV made using Quattron technology (with additional yellow pixels). In November 2010, Philips announced the world's first 3D TV with a "cinema" screen: its aspect ratio was 21:9.
And in February 2011, LG introduced the LW5700, the world's first flicker-free 3D TV; the company also featured the "world's first" Full LED Slim 3D TV and the world's first 3840×2160 pixel ultra-high resolution surround TV.
Horizont its first 3D TV at the TIBO-2013 exhibition and estimated the 42-inch novelty at 7 million rubles, which at the official rate was about 800 dollars.
The first TV channel to broadcast specialized 3D content for modern TVs was the private Japanese satellite channel DS11. In the spring of 2010, cable broadcasts of volume programs also begin.
Since then, several dozen 3D TV channels have been launched around the world (even a couple of pornographic ones among them!). About a dozen channels stopped broadcasting.
TV, surround!
Another way to immerse the viewer in the broadcast deeper is to try to “surround” him with the screen as much as possible. A few years ago, companies started offering curved TVs.
In January 2013, at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Samsung and LG simultaneously unveiled the "world's first" curved TV.
Both are made using OLED technology, both have a diagonal of 55 inches (~140 cm) and both show a picture with a resolution of up to 1920 × 1080 pixels. In May of the same year, LG began accepting pre-orders for the 55EA9800 model, and in July, Samsung announced the start of sales of its KN55S9 model. In both cases, the cost of the TV was 15 million Korean won, or about $13,000.
Photo from LesNumeriques.com In September 2013, Sony presents its "world's first" curved TV - this time the monitor is made using LED TV technology, in other words, it is a conventional LCD TV with LED backlighting. The KDL-65S990A model has a larger screen - 65 inches, and it costs much less than its Korean competitors: only about four thousand dollars.
Photo from Gizmodo.com.au Of course, curved TVs have learned to show 3D content as well. In April 2013, LG introduced the world's first 3D concave OLED TV.
Race of curved diagonals
Even two manufacturers are enough to start the “diagonal race”, and since several companies started producing curved TVs in the first year of their life, the first releases with the words “the world's largest curved ...” did not have to wait long.
In September 2013, LG shows the world's largest 77-inch curved TV at IFA in Berlin, it supports 4K resolution. In December, both LG and Samsung announced that they would be showing the world's largest 105-inch curved models at CES 2014 in January. And they showed: LG 105UC9 and Samsung 105U9500. And again, the parameters are almost identical: the aspect ratio is 21:9, the resolution is 5120 × 2160 pixels.
And already in September - and again at the Berlin IFA exhibition - the Chinese company TCL Multimedia showed a curved TV with a diagonal of 110 inches (almost 280 cm). The radius of its curvature is 7000R - that is, if you put these TVs one to the other, then over time they will close in a circle with a radius of 7 meters. True, its resolution is less than that of the Korean giants: 3840 × 2160 pixels.
Photo from T3me.com curve on demand
Of course, curved TVs also have their drawbacks. One of the main ones is image distortion.
If the viewer is alone and sits at a certain distance from the screen strictly along the center line, then he will feel the benefits of a “curved” TV (increased visual width, reduced glare, extended viewing angles). But if several people are sitting on the couch, then all of them, except for the central viewer, are almost guaranteed to “catch” distortions.
How to be? Yes, it’s very simple: when you watch TV alone, let it be curved, and when you are with a company, let it be flat. How is this possible? Thanks to not just curved, but bendable TVs.
Back at CES 2014 in January, LG showed off a 77-inch foldable TV, while Samsung showed off an 85-inch one. Later, in September 2014 at the Berlin IFA exhibition, Samsung also demonstrated a 105-inch bendable TV. Servo drives turn a flat panel into a curved one and back again in a few seconds.
Photo from WhoWired.com As they joke on the Internet, curved TVs are a well-forgotten old. Only now TVs are concave inward, and before they were bent outward.
TV "Neman", produced since 1960 in Minsk. Photo from Old-Cherdak.com.ua The new generation of Samsung SUHD TVs deliver images as accurately and realistically as possible. Thanks to advanced quantum dot technology, even the smallest details and dark areas in the image are visible in any light.
How to choose a kinescope TV? ">
1. Screen size.
The first thing you need to decide when choosing a TV is what screen size is optimal for your room. You should not immediately focus on the large diagonal, since it will not be very comfortable to watch it in a small room. The diagonal size of the TV is indicated in inches, less often in centimeters (domestic TV models). In the very name of the TV model there is a reference to the size of its diagonal (for example: sony tv KV-29CL10K - diagonal 29 "). TVs have standard screen sizes. Most common: 14” (37cm), 20” (51cm), 21” (54cm), 25” (63cm), 29” (72cm), 32” (81cm), 34” (87cm), 36" (92 cm). As the diagonal of the TV increases, its overall dimensions also increase. The depth of TVs with a small diagonal, as a rule, is not less than their diagonal (14 ”-27 cm), and for TVs of medium and large diagonals, the depth is 47-60 cm. The optimal distance from your place from which you watch TV to the screen when watching 4:3 TV (standard aspect ratio) is 3 to 5 screen diagonals. At the same time, a distance of 3 diagonals is acceptable for 4: 3 TVs with a scan of 100 Hz and additional systems image processing, which greatly reduces screen flicker and, accordingly, minimizes eye strain. For 16:9 widescreen TVs, the recommended viewing distance is 2.5-3 screen diagonals. If you are going to put the TV in a niche, you must take into account that there must be a distance between the walls of the niche and the TV body, ensuring free air circulation.
TVs 14”-15”. A very large family of TVs. In terms of image quality and functionality, they are very similar to each other, however, more well-known companies, as a rule, complete their TV sets with a higher quality element base and kinescopes. Therefore, when choosing, first of all, you should pay attention to the design you like, a flat or convex kinescope for this TV, the presence of one or two speakers and teletext. Manufacturers can equip them with an indoor antenna, however, the reception quality on such an antenna is extremely low.
TVs 20”-21”. The largest group of TVs. Almost every manufacturer has a wide selection of TV models of this diagonal, both with a conventional convex and flat screen. Functionally, TVs of this diagonal do not differ much. When choosing, attention should be paid to the design, the presence of teletext, the number of speakers. Some TV models have stereo sound, balance adjustment. Most manufacturers consider TVs 20 "-21" and large diagonals as stationary and do not complete them with their own antenna, assuming that a cable one will be used.
TVs 25”. In our country they are not in great demand. These TVs differ greatly in their functionality, in the presence or absence of stereo sound, as well as in design. These TVs are much more expensive than 21” TVs. Besides, in model range TVs of this diagonal have models with a scan of 100 Hz (relevant for CRT TVs). Their cost is often higher than that of 29 inch models with a 50 Hz scan. Although these TVs have a high quality stable picture, good functionality and stereo sound, they usually lack digital processors to improve the picture quality, which makes it impossible for them to really compete with 29 inch TVs in picture quality.
TVs 29” and above. These TVs have a huge spread in their functionality and technical specifications, many are equipped with digital image processors and a 100 Hz scan, as well as additional speakers to boost bass (which, however, still does not make their audio system complete for watching DVDs). In addition, important when choosing large diagonal TVs is its appearance. Some firms complete their TVs with bedside tables (or supply them additionally).
2. Technology.
Technology 100 Hz.
What is better 50 or 100 Hz sweep?
The picture according to the current broadcasting standard is transmitted in 2 steps: in two half-frames, through a line - first all odd lines, and in the second stage - all even lines. This is called interlacing. Half frames are transmitted at a frequency of 50 Hz.
Main disadvantages: the effect of "flicker" (the human eye notices such a frequency of flicker) when displaying an image on the screen, in addition horizontal lines"tremble" with a frequency of 25 Hz. This is especially noticeable on a white background and on a large screen.
Technology 100 Hz. is a digital technology that provides screen updates 2 times more often than with 50 Hz technology, i.e. "semi-frames" appear 2 times more often. The video signal presented in digital form provides much more processing options than analog. For example, a digitized image frame can be stored and reproduced at the right time. This technology solves the problem of screen flickering. The fact is that at a frequency of changing half-frames (fields) of 50 (60) Hz, image flicker, especially in bright areas, still remains noticeable.
Nevertheless, this system is also not without drawbacks: when alternating half-frames first - first - second - second, the transition from odd to even lines occurs at the same frequency of 50 Hz. odd lines.
This shortcoming can be overcome by an improved system called Digital Scan, in which half-frames alternate in the sequence first - second - first - second. In this case, the frame rate with even and odd lines is already 100 Hz, and the jitter becomes almost imperceptible.
In addition, 100 Hz technology has several disadvantages, including image digitization and digital loop when objects move quickly. 100Hz TVs use special digital signal processing technologies such as Digital Scan with Natural Motion (Philips), Digital Plus (Sony), Digital Mastering and Intelligent Mastering (Thomson), Digital Scan and Super Digital Scan (Panasonic), Full Digital with DMI (Digital Motion Interpolation) (Loewe) and others. In these systems, according to a special algorithm, an intermediate frame is created, which is inserted between the frames from which it is formed. As a result, fast-moving objects on the screen look more natural.
3. Image format.
Today there are two TV screen formats: traditional, familiar to everyone, 4:3 and widescreen 16:9 aspect ratio.
When choosing a TV format, you must decide what you will mainly watch: its format is the same as that of television broadcasting. However, when viewing a 16:9 picture (such as DVD discs) black bars will remain at the top and bottom of the TV screen (which, most often, can be removed by “cutting off” the edges of the image).
If you are a DVD lover and want to spend your leisure time watching your favorite movies, then it makes sense for you to buy a 16:9 TV. Since most DVDs on the market today contain an image in 16:9 format. However, we note that TV broadcasting in Ukraine does not use a wide format. When viewing regular TV programs on a 16:9 TV, there will be unused, black areas around the edges of the screen, i.e. The "acting" diagonal of the image will decrease. On the other hand, such televisions usually provide for an increase in the image size to full screen, while losing the upper and lower parts of the image, which, as a rule, are not very informative for TV programs. Many widescreen TVs also use "smart" image magnification, when the image fills the entire screen, distorting non-linearly - the central part remains practically unchanged (and it is the most informative), and the screen periphery is distorted (the upper and lower parts may shrink slightly, and the side parts - to stretch). It looks weird at first, then you get used to it.
By the way, the widescreen image can be not only 16:9, there is also a fully cinematic format 2.35:1. When watching DVDs labeled "2.35:1", even on 16:9 screens, black bars remain at the top and bottom.
16:9 televisions provide a particularly great opportunity for creating a home theater. The viewing angle increases significantly, the perfection of the image, combined with the appropriate audio design, allows you to feel full ownership of the events on the screen. Note that not only a DVD player can be a source of a widescreen image: there are satellites that provide broadcasting in a wide format and even with Dolby Digital multi-channel sound.
4. TV sound and its power.
When choosing a TV, you should decide on a TV with what kind of sound you want to have. There are two types of TVs: mono and stereo. In this case, the TV can play stereo or only from an external source or from the air (A2, NICAM) and from an external source. In addition, mono TVs come with one and two speakers. Mono TVs with two speakers seem to mimic stereo sound, but do not split it into two channels, as with stereo. It should be remembered that domestic television broadcasting mainly works in mono and there will be no effect from stereo sound on the TV in this case. Televisions with stereo sound are usually equipped with a large number of additional sound settings.
Some TVs have built-in Dolby Pro Logic and/or Dolby Digital surround sound decoders. The TV kit may include additional speakers, when connected, it is possible to realize 6-channel Dolby Digital sound and, having bought an additional DVD player, create a home theater. Nowadays, there are even some satellite channels that broadcast with 6-channel Dolby Digital sound. However, in most cases, the source of multi-channel audio is a DVD player. Many TVs are equipped with a Virtual Dolby system instead of Dolby Pro Logic decoders, which allows you to simulate surround sound with a conventional stereo system.
Speaker power is an important indicator of TV sound quality, it is measured in watts, the higher the power rating, the better sound you can get.
However, no matter how good the sound of TVs is, it will still be inferior to the sound quality of a home theater system.
5. Additional features.
Quite often, a situation arises when interesting programs are broadcast simultaneously on several channels, or, for example, while watching a movie on one channel, you are afraid to miss the start of news or an interesting match on another. At such moments, I want the TV screen to be divided into several parts, in which various channels would be displayed. Digital technology makes it possible.
Television designers have developed a technology called Picture in Picture (Picture in Picture), or PIP for short. This technology allows you to display on the screen, against the background of the main channel, in a small rectangular window, any other channel of your choice, or an image received from an external video source (VCR, camcorder, etc.). You can choose the soundtrack, both the main and the additional programs. Usually it is envisaged to change the size of the additional picture and its location on the screen. It is also possible to exchange images between the main screen and the additional window by pressing one button on the remote control.
Even inexpensive TVs can be equipped with the simplest single-window PIP (passive PIP). In this case, one TV tuner is used, so the sub window can display only programs that are received on the TV via a low-frequency input, such as from a VCR, camcorder or DVD. If you are viewing a VCR recording on the main screen, you can follow one of the on-air programs in the small window.
Capabilities the simplest system PIP can be expanded by connecting a VCR (or a DVD recorder with a TV tuner) to the low frequency input. In this case, you can additionally output broadcast programs coming through the tuner of the VCR. If you connect a satellite tuner to your TV, you can use PIP to watch satellite programs in the additional window.
More expensive TV models may include a PIP unit equipped with its own (second) tuner (active PIP). In this case, in the additional window, or windows, you can view any programs coming to the TV. Many of the TVs with two tuners allow you to simultaneously display 3 - 9, and in widescreen TVs, even 16 windows, with various programs (Multi PIP, Multi Window EX and others). In widescreen TVs with a screen format of 16:9, the POP mode (Picture Out of Picture - “picture outside the picture”) can be implemented. In this mode, three additional images are inscribed in the free part of the wide screen on the side of the main picture in 4:3 format, along with it completely filling the TV screen area. PAP (picture and picture) The screen is divided into two parts, each of which contains a slightly compressed active image.
PAT (picture and text) The screen is divided into two parts: a slightly compressed active image and full page text.
6. Connectors for connecting external devices
. If you want to watch videos on TV from external devices, many questions immediately arise. It is very important when choosing a TV to keep in mind all the devices that you want to connect to it, not only now, but also in the future, and make sure that your TV is equipped with a sufficient number of necessary connectors. Otherwise, you will only have to regret the wrong choice.
However, TVs have many different connectors, and not everyone can understand them. Before the user of a TV set equipped with all conceivable connectors, another problem will arise - to choose from the many options for connecting through these connectors the most correct and best.
The most common (but not the best) standard for connecting additional devices to a TV is a composite signal (RCA, Cinch, "tulip"). It is a combination of all components containing video information into one signal. It is the composite signal that is obtained at the output of the television tuner (i.e., the receiver of the on-air television signal). Composite video outputs are equipped with VCRs, camcorders, DVD players, etc. Actually, it is difficult to find a device that does not have these outputs. The advantages of the composite method are clear - combining signals allows you to get the most capacious and convenient signal for transmission, which requires only one wire. However, when the original RGB or component signal is converted to composite, part of the information is lost, and when the composite signal is subsequently converted back to RGB on the TV, it is no longer possible to restore the information. As a result, the resulting image is somewhat worse in quality (although this is not felt for TVs of small diagonals). On the other hand, if you are not going to connect a component signal source device (DVD player, etc.) to your TV or your TV is not equipped with a kinescope higher than 21”, this circumstance should not worry you, and composite connectors will be quite enough. The composite connector is made in the form of RCA, and is usually adjacent to the audio connector (one if mono, and two if it is a stereo TV). Traditionally, they are listed together - RCA audio / video. The TV can be equipped with an RCA audio/video input and an RCA audio/video output.
A color image is formed from the primary color signals R G B, i.e. red R, green G and blue B, based on the color and brightness data of each image point. If you are going to connect to a TV external device, which has an RGB output, will correctly use the RGB input on the TV, which is a convenient way to ensure a good signal transmission. For TVs, the RGB input is usually implemented through a SCART connector. The high quality of connecting devices via the RGB input is quite comparable with another connection option - through the component input, which TVs can be equipped with.
Component signals are commonly referred to as a combination of a luminance signal ("Y" component) and color difference signals indicating the amount of color (the blue component "Pb" and the red component "Pr"). By component input and RGB, various digital program sources can be connected to the TV: DVD player, digital satellite tuner, computer, decoders digital television, game console, etc. The component input connection is optimal for a DVD player because all the information on DVDs contained in the component format, and the DVD player is the source of the component signal. Component connectors can be made with "tulips" (RCA), or bayonets (BNC), usually there are corresponding designations Y Pb Pr.
Another standard for connecting to a TV is S-Video (Separate Video, i.e., "separate video"). The S-video connection standard was developed when video players appeared on the market that were superior in quality to the terrestrial signal standard, so that you could see their advantages over TV shows on your TV screen. We are talking mainly about VCRs and camcorders of the S-VHS, Hi8 standards, which use separate brightness and color channels for recording and playback; computer video cards may also contain such an output.
The universal SCART connector is very interesting, which can allow you to connect signals at a time: composite, RGB and stereo sound, and the connection is bidirectional. In addition, a control line is provided between the connected devices. AT later versions SCART provides for the connection of both S-Video and component signal, while the functions of transmitting a composite signal and RGB are limited - the number of pins in the SCART connector is limited. For S-Video and component connections, the TV must have 2 additional SCART sockets installed.
Connecting cables using a SCART connector may not be soldered completely - always check with the seller whether a particular cable will suit you or not.
The TV can also be equipped with separate RCA audio connectors. For example, the RCA audio output (R and L) on the TV allows you to connect a stereo system equipped with the corresponding inputs to it and play the TV sound through the stereo system, which is much superior sound power the TV itself.
Some TVs are equipped with special VGA or D-Sub connectors that allow you to connect a computer to them and use them as monitors. However, it should be borne in mind that TVs are not designed to work continuously for many hours like monitors, and cannot replace them in this regard. Connecting a TV to a computer can be used, for example, for computer games and the like.
Please note that even if you have connected all the cables correctly, the connected devices may require additional additional setting TV inputs, the procedure for which in this case will be described in the operating instructions.
When choosing a TV, pay attention not only to the number of connectors (recall, there should be no less of them than the devices you want to connect), but also to the location of the connectors.
The connectors on the back of the TV are intended for stationary connection of equipment. It is desirable to have as many of them as the number of devices will be constantly connected to the TV (plus one for the possibility of expanding the system). The connectors on the front (front) or side of the TV are intended for episodic and, as a rule, short-term connection of equipment (cameras and game consoles). It is not worth considering them as an option for a fixed connection, as this, in most cases, is inconvenient and not very aesthetically pleasing.
When choosing equipment, we recommend that you try to ensure that the connectors are of the same type (for example, SCART on a TV, DVD, and VCR), this will greatly simplify switching and eliminate the problems associated with finding specific cables, adapters, etc. .
7. Pros and cons of CRT TVs.
Advantages:
1. Low cost,
2. Technologies worked out to the limit, circuitry,
3. A huge variety of CRT TV models,
4. High image quality,
5. The most natural color reproduction,
6. Long service life (up to 15 years).
Flaws:
1. TV screen size is technologically limited (about 38"),
2. Large dimensions and heavy weight of the device,
3. Problems - information of rays,
- geometric distortions,
- focusing.
4. Significant influence of magnetic fields on image quality and human health.
8. The most advanced manufacturers.
Philips, LG, Panasonic, Sony, Samsung
source of information www.pavleek.3dn.ru