The handbook will help the student to refresh the memory of the main theoretical material for the entire computer science course for grades 7-11, to get acquainted with the principles for solving typical USE problems offered over the past few years, and to prepare for the exam.
For schoolchildren, computer science teachers and methodologists.
Bit. Byte. Derived quantities.
It is generally accepted that the minimum possible amount of information corresponds to such a message, the receipt of which reduces uncertainty by a factor of 2 (for example, a message about an “eagle” falling on a tossed coin from two equally possible options - “heads” and “tails”). This minimum amount of information is called "bit"
In computing, a bit corresponds to one binary digit, which can take one of two possible values: 0 or 1. As a larger value, the byte corresponding to binary number of 8 digits (bits). AT random access memory computer, the minimum amount of memory cell allocated to store any value, as a rule, is equal to one byte. Larger cells have a volume that is a multiple of a byte with a multiplier of 2: 2 bytes (16 bits), 4 bytes (32 bits), 8 bytes (64 bits). Such a "portion" of information is usually called a machine word.
Content
Foreword
Section 1. Information. Measurement of information. Information encoding
Measuring the amount of information
Uniform and non-uniform binary codes
Transfer of information through communication channels
Section 2. Simulation and computer experiment
Problems on graphs
Section 3. Number systems
Binary, octal, hexadecimal number systems. Arithmetic in the specified number systems
Coding problems solved using non-decimal number systems
Section 4. Fundamentals of logic
truth tables. Laws of the algebra of logic. Problems solved using truth tables
Solving systems of logical equations
Section 5. Elements of the theory of algorithms
Analysis of the operation of an automaton that generates a number according to given rules
Artists: Robot, Draftsman, Editor
Numeric performers
Section 6 Computer Architecture and computer networks
File system PC
Basic principles of functioning of the Internet. TCP/IP protocol
Section 7. Technology for processing sound and graphic information
Determination of the volume and speed of transmission of digital multimedia information
Section 8. Processing of Numerical Information
Spreadsheets. Links. Formulas
Spreadsheets. Graphs and charts
Section 9. Information retrieval and storage technologies
Database. Sorting data.
Database Queries
Search for information on the Internet. Search terms
Section 10 Programming
Conditional operator
Cycles
Loops: Analysis of Algorithms
Array Operations: Program Analysis
Array Operations: Data Processing
Procedures and functions
Tasks for correcting errors in programs Tasks for analyzing and processing data
Section 11. Game Theory
Analysis of winning moves.
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Informatics. A new complete guide to preparing for the exam. Bogomolova O.B.
M.: 2016. - 429s. M.: 2016. - 416s.
The handbook will help the student to refresh the memory of the main theoretical material for the entire computer science course for grades 7-11, to get acquainted with the principles for solving typical USE problems offered over the past few years, and to prepare for the exam. For schoolchildren, computer science teachers and methodologists.
Format: pdf(2016, 429s.)
The size: 33.4 MB
Watch, download:drive.google
Format: pdf(2016, 416s.)
The size: 10.4 MB
Watch, download:drive.google
CONTENT
Preface 5
Section 1. Information. Measurement of information. Information encoding
Measuring the amount of information 7
Uneven binary code 19
Transfer of information through communication channels 25
Section 2. Simulation and computer experiment
Tasks on graphs 38
Section 3. Number systems
Binary, octal, hexadecimal number systems. Arithmetic in the specified number systems 52
Coding problems solved using non-decimal number systems 67
Section 4. Fundamentals of logic
truth tables. Laws of the algebra of logic. Problems solved using truth tables 76
Solving systems of logical equations 88
Section 5. Elements of the theory of algorithms
Analysis of the operation of an automaton that generates a number according to given rules 107
Artists: Robot and Draftsman 113
Numeric performers 125
Section 6. Architecture of computers and computer networks
PC file system 145
Basic principles of functioning of the Internet. TCP/IP protocol 153
Section 7. Technology for processing sound and graphic information
Determination of the volume and transmission rate of digital multimedia information 163
Section 8. Processing of Numerical Information
Spreadsheets. Links. Formulas 173
Spreadsheets. Graphs and charts 184
Section 9. Information retrieval and storage technologies
Database. Sorting data. Database queries 196
Search for information on the Internet. Search terms 216
Section 10 Programming
Conditional statement 231
Cycles 241
Loops: Analyzing Algorithms 249
Array Operations: Program Analysis 259
Array Operations: Data Processing 279
Procedures and functions 306
Problems for the intersection of areas and the correction of errors in programs 338
Tasks for analysis and data processing 370
Section 11. Game Theory
Analysis of winning moves 393
The Unified State Examination (USE) is currently recognized as the main form of objective assessment of the quality of training of schoolchildren who have mastered the educational programs of secondary (complete) general education. The results of the USE are the results of both the state (final) certification for educational organizations secondary (complete) general education and entrance examinations in the relevant general education subjects - for educational institutions of secondary and higher professional education.
Informatics refers to 12 subjects in which the USE is taken by students on a voluntary basis. However, the list of universities and colleges that require a certificate of successful completion of the Unified State Examination in Informatics for admission to the main specialties is constantly growing. The complexity of the tasks offered at the Unified State Examination in Informatics is also increasing year by year.
Therefore, preparation for the exam is highly urgent task both for high school students themselves and for computer science teachers.
Today, the USE in Informatics and ICT can be called a rather difficult exam. There may be a false impression that guys who are well versed in technology and computers will easily be able to pass this exam, but this is not so. If you look in the "Codifier", you will find that most of the topics in it need to be studied in detail, and some, in fact, have nothing to do with everyday use of a computer. Working with programming languages, algorithms, logic, knowledge of the basics of calculation, information flows, elements of mathematics, geometry, physics, economics - all this needs to be scrupulously studied.
Where to begin?
It should be noted that the program in the "Codifier" and the tasks in the "Demo" are built exclusively on the material of the school curriculum. That is why we recommend turning to school textbooks. It is very important. We are against all possible "Synopses", "Methodical materials", etc., because they can only be used as auxiliary material. And the basic information for repetition must be taken only from school textbooks, so as not to get into a difficult situation on the exam.
What are the best textbooks to take?
First, look at textbooks. On which you were engaged in school from 5 to 11 classes. Take them, they will be more familiar to you and it will be easier to work with them.
But we have our preferences:
- UMK Informatics 5-9 cells. / Bosova L.L. and etc.
UMK Informatics 10-11 cells. / Bosova L.L. and etc.
This set of textbooks, workbooks and didactic materials fully covers the school curriculum and all the points of the "Codifier" textbook is designed for both basic and specialized study of computer science. The material is clearly presented and illustrated. good examples, are given step by step instructions work with programming languages, etc. - UMK Informatics 8-9 cells. / Bykadorov Yu.A. This textbook has stood the test of time and provides a concise summary of the main sections of the Codifier, but it is not the first edition, so try to find it in the latest edition closest to your year of production.
- UMK Informatics 7-9 cells. / Semakin I.G. and etc.
UMK Informatics 10 (2 hours) class., 11 (2 hours) class. / Semakin I.G. and etc This line of textbooks can be considered the most fully covering such a section as "Algorithms" and "Programming" - UMK Informatics 7-9 cells / Ugrinovich N.D.
- UMK Informatics 10-11 cells. / Gein A.G. and etc.
These textbooks are equally suitable for repeating the basic part of the subject, and for repeating the subject in depth.
In principle, whatever line of textbooks you choose to repeat, the result will be equally good with conscientious memorization and understanding.
As additional materials, we can recommend collections of typical computer science test items.
A solid collection of typical test tasks for the Unified State Examination in Informatics in 2017 can be considered the series "FIPI School". These collections are based on Demo version”, “Codifier” and “Specifier”. You will not find anything more than what is required in these options. Only average typical tasks. The options are drawn up as real ones in the exam, so these options are good to decide on time.