Maintenance of technical equipment is more important than ever today. This article will talk about the technological specialty and the professionals who carry out their labor activities in this area.

About the profession

Quite relevant and in demand today is the area referred to as "technological machines and equipment" (specialty). What kind of work do people with the appropriate education have to work with? In fact, there are many options. Competent professionals capable of providing quality service to various technical devices needed in almost every industry.

The main task of specialists in this direction is the creation of powerful technological products that can compete with the material produced by other enterprises. You can also highlight the work on innovative computer modeling and ensuring optimal technical processes.

Working in the field of technological equipment is not so easy, it is quite difficult to keep track of everything. However, thanks to quality training in educational institutions, you can perfectly master all necessary knowledge and skills, and do right choice professions in the area in question. Training will be discussed next.

Required education for work

To work in the field "15. 03. 02. Technological machines and equipment", you need to get a higher education. You can do this in almost any technical university in the country.

Such specialties as "market of machines and innovations", "light machine industry", "equipment of the forestry complex" will allow you to get a job in the considered professional field.

To enter a university for the above specialties, it is necessary to pass the Unified State Examination in the disciplines "mathematics", "Russian language" and "physics". Some educational institutions, however, will not allow higher technical education without credits in computer science, chemistry or a foreign language. The term of study is, as a rule, 4 years of undergraduate studies.

Knowledge required for work

Higher technical education in universities should ensure the complete assimilation by the student of all the necessary disciplines.

What exactly can be highlighted here? A specialist working in the field of technological and machine equipment must know:

• mathematics;
• equipment in metallurgical production;
• computer graphics;
• physics;
• fundamentals of ecology;
• basics of design;
• mechanical engineering methods;
• fundamentals of strength of materials;
• basics of information technologies;
• electrical engineering;
• automation and some other subjects.

It is worth noting that knowledge of the above disciplines alone will be completely insufficient for the implementation of labor activity. The very specialty "technological machines and equipment" involves constant improvement and addition of existing knowledge. The fact is that production is constantly being modernized and modified. It is hardly possible to work for several decades, while having a clearly outdated knowledge base. That is why it is so important to constantly improve your skills and think about your work skills.

Required Skills

A person who has chosen the specialty "technological machines and equipment" will not be able to work normally, having only knowledge. No matter how much theoretical knowledge a specialist has, certain working skills, abilities, and even character traits are no less important.

Fortunately, technical universities help students to master the profession in many ways, and therefore develop a special practice, during which students could acquire all the skills necessary for work. It should be noted that the specialist must be able to:

• maintain the devices and equipment elements assigned to it;
• properly operate machines;
• ensure control over efficient production of products;
• deal with documentation;
• installation and commissioning of products and much more.

About professional responsibilities

Despite the fact that the specialty "technological machines and equipment" includes many different subspecies and categories, it is still possible to single out the most common and uniform duties of specialists working in this area. Special job descriptions prescribe that the employee must:

• engage in maintenance of various kinds of devices and equipment (electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.);
• to carry out special preparatory measures for the high-quality production of the necessary products;
• monitor compliance by workers with qualifications below safety and efficient production;
• control the level of environmental safety;
• to check the functioning of machines;
• develop work plans;
• deal with the necessary documentation, etc.

Thus, specialists in the field of technological production have a fairly large number of responsibilities and functions.

Professions

The specialty in question is incredibly extensive. Work with technological equipment is needed in most industries. What types of work should be carried out by a specialist? Where can he work? This will be discussed further.

The man made his choice of profession and received a diploma from the university. Where can he work now? The specialty under consideration involves the following activities:

• in the design and calculation sphere (in engineering companies, construction organizations);
• in the technological and production environment (factories, manufacturing enterprises);
• in the field of experiments and research (universities, educational institutions, laboratories);
• in an organizational or management environment;
• in the service environment;
• in the field of installation and commissioning.

Subjects of professional activity

The specialist in question works with certain subjects of activity, which are enshrined in a special job description.

These include:

• technological equipment and machines;
• power devices, running machines, drive systems;
• special systems required for traffic control;
• materials of construction or operational equipment;
• necessary for the disposal or manufacture of equipment;
• devices for designing machines and much more.

Thus, an employee with a specialty "technological machines and equipment" deals with a fairly large number of items and devices.

About professional rights and responsibilities

Like any other employee, a process equipment specialist has a certain number of professional rights.

What exactly can be highlighted here? Here are some of the points that are written in the job description of a specialist:

• the right to receive social guarantees;
• the right to timely payment of salaries;
• the ability to request from the management all the documents and tools necessary for the implementation of labor activities;
• the right to professional development or its confirmation;
• the ability to submit to the authorities various ideas, plans or proposals for improving the activities of the organization.

All this reinforces job description profession "technological machines and equipment". Work, however, is impossible without a certain share of responsibility. So, the job description fixes that the specialist must be responsible for:

• for improper performance of work functions or their complete failure to perform;
• for being at the workplace in a state of intoxication;
• for committing offenses, crimes or other unlawful acts in the workplace;
• for violation of safety regulations, etc.

Pros and cons of the profession

What are the strengths and weaknesses of the industry in question? In fact, each employee will be able to find something of his own in the presented profession. However, the most general points can still be distinguished. So, the advantages of the specialty include:

• decent salary;
• education can be obtained practically in most cities - there is a faculty of "technological machines and equipment" in almost any technical university;
• the possibility of early career growth;
• relevance and prestige of the considered labor sphere.

Of course, the profession in question has other advantages. And what about the disadvantages?

Here it is worth highlighting perhaps work in a production environment, which is somewhat harmful to health. For some, a considerable number of responsibilities will seem like a big minus in the profession.

Nevertheless, the profession in question is very prestigious and in demand. Many young people prefer this specialty.

Special self-propelled rolling stock (abbr. SSPS) - railway rolling stock ( railcars , locomotives , railcars and other self-propelled machines) for maintenance of devices and equipment railways : way , contact network and devices of power supply, devices of communication of centralization and blocking. A mandatory feature of such rolling stock is the presence of its own traction power plant.

SSPS with passenger cabins are also used to transport people to work sites.

JSPS can be equipped with jib cranes, power generators for powering a mechanized travel tool , welding generators, manipulators, drills.

SSPS also includes autonomous snowplow trains, self-propelled tracklayers , self-propelled crushed stone cleaning machines .

Traction power plant SSPS can be either with carbureted engine, so with diesel. The traction drive can be electric (generator-motor), hydraulic, mechanical. The frame of the SSRS is designed for the perception of insignificant traction forces, therefore, SSRS can be towed by one or two wagons (for example, platform with track superstructure materials). For coupling with other units of rolling stock, SSPS are installed on both ends automatic couplers. In the early 30s of the twentieth century, work on the contact network was carried out using railcars of the Ua type, equipped with a fixed working platform and an additional ladder. The design speed of the railcar was 50 km/h. In subsequent years, track distances were equipped with removable motorized tires of the TD-1 and TD-5 types with trailers, which were used as a vehicle until the 60s of the twentieth century. In 1950, railcars of the Ua type were replaced by railcars of the type DM with isolated and lifting work platforms. The production of DM railcars was mastered by the Tikhoretsk Machine-Building Plant of V.V. Vorovsky. The trolley was produced on a two-axle platform equipped with a hook hitch; on the platform there was a cab with a gasoline engine ( ZIS-120) and a lifting and turning isolated working platform, which made it possible to work on a contact network under a voltage of 3.3 kV. AT 1965 The Design Bureau of the Main Directorate for Electrification and Power Supply of the Ministry of Railways of the USSR developed a project for the modernization of the DM railcar. In accordance with this project, 1967, at the Perm plant Ministry of Railways of the USSR, the planned modernization of the DM railcar began.

In the 60s of the 20th century, the Design Bureau of CE together with Tikhoretsky machine building plant. V. V. Vorovsky In the 1980s, the AGV railcar with a hydromechanical transmission was developed, which made it possible to reach speeds of up to 80 km / h, and in the 80s of the ADM railcar. The power of the ADM power plant made it possible to reach speeds of up to 100 km / h. and work with a trailer weight of up to 60 tons. To install supports and foundations of the contact network, perform various loading and unloading operations, as well as other types of work, the railcar was equipped with a hydraulic crane with a telescopic boom. The working platform was controlled remotely, the maximum angle of its rotation was 210 ° with the ability to work at a distance of 6.5 m from the track axis. The engine is diesel, located outside the cabin, which could accommodate 11 people. Currently, the ADM railcar has various modifications and (depending on the type) is equipped with mounting cradles ( 1ADM-1.3), telescopic towers, drilling devices ( ADM-1S), crane-manipulator ( ADM-1.3 cm) and other devices. Middle class car ARV-1 was manufactured in 1995 by JSC " Muromteplovoz". It was equipped with a lifting and turning non-insulated working platform, on which there were leads for connecting hand-held pneumatic tools. The motorcar was equipped with a winch for pulling wires, a mounting boom. AT 1995 JSC "Muromteplovoz" began production of self-propelled platforms SM for the repair of the contact network. FROM 2000 railcars and locomotives began to be equipped with security systems CLUB-P and CLUB-UP. Equipment with these devices for SSPS track equipment has become mandatory for all manufacturers Russia. To carry out work on the modernization and construction of railways, by various manufacturers, assembly trains begin to be produced. At present, special rolling stock can be divided into types depending on the functions they perform: Snow removal equipment for railways Track machines for the construction, diagnostics and repair of railway tracks and track equipment Special scientific and military rolling stock Rolling stock of mines and quarries of mining Self-propelled vehicles, trolleys.

Description

Students in the specialty need to study a number of interrelated subjects aimed at understanding the technological process of developing special machines and devices. It is especially important to gain knowledge on industrial safety, since the specifics of education involve working in a defensive complex. Students are trained in adjusting and setting up the developed devices, checking the compliance of the quality of the processes and results performed with the stated requirements. In parallel, students study the basics of management and management psychology.

Whom to work

The list of competencies of an employee specializing in special machines and devices includes the development of a technological process for manufacturing medium-complex parts and assemblies of special machines and devices, as well as the development of design documentation for manufactured parts and assembly units). In the mode of working activity, specialists will need the skill of carrying out typical calculations when designing and testing the strength of the developed elements. Specialists with an advanced training profile can also take on leadership roles.

area professional activity graduates is the design, design, manufacture, repair, maintenance, testing and control of weapons systems; organization of the work of the structural unit.
Objects of professional activity alumni are:

• The design of weapons systems.
• Technological processes of parts of weapons systems.
• Technological processes for assembling weapons systems.
• Production and labor processes for the manufacture of weapons systems.
• Primary labor groups.

The graduate is preparing for the next activities:

• Design and engineering of weapons systems– participation in the development of design documentation, its execution and introduction of changes at all stages of the technical preparation of production. Participation in the design of weapons systems with an assessment of the economic efficiency of production. Participation in testing, control of weapons systems at the stage of design preparation and assessment of the reliability of weapons systems in operation. Participation in the assessment of the manufacturability of weapons systems and the processing of the design for manufacturability.
• Organization of production and technological activities for the repair, maintenance, control and testing of weapons systems - to carry out assembly, disassembly and maintenance of weapons systems. Participate in the control, testing and repair of weapons systems at the operational stage. Prepare all types of documentation during the control of tests and repairs.
• Development and implementation of technological processes for the production of weapons systems– participate in the development and implementation of technological processes for the production of weapons systems. Select equipment and standard technological equipment for the technological processes of production of weapons systems. Participate in the design of special technological equipment for technological processes, with the execution of relevant technical documentation. Assign and calculate the optimal cutting conditions and time standards for the technological processes of weapons systems. Prepare a set of technological documentation for the technological processes of production of weapons systems.
• Organization of the activities of the production unit and its management- Participate in the planning of the work of the production unit. Organize and manage the work of the production department. Analyze the process and results of the unit's activities, evaluate the effectiveness of production activities.
• Development and use software industries.
• Performance of work in one or more professions of workers, positions of employees.

Specialties 15.02.04 "Special machines and devices" approved by order of the Ministry of Education Russian Federation July 2, 2001

Forms of mastering the main professional educational program:

• full-time
• Correspondence

The normative term for mastering the main professional educational program in full-time education.

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