The 1C:Enterprise system, in addition to the file version, can also work with infobases in the client-server version. In the latter case, an architecture is understood, consisting of several software layers, schematically depicted in the figure below.
- Client applications, thin clients and web clients— this is 1C:Enterprise in various modes launches that the end user is working with. For client applications and thin clients, it is required on users' computers (or on), a web browser is enough for a web client.
- 1C:Enterprise server cluster is a collection of work processes running on one or more computers and a list of infobases hosted in this cluster. In the server cluster, all the work of application objects is performed, preparations are made for displaying forms (reading objects information base, filling in form data, arrangement of elements, etc.) and the command interface, reports are generated, background tasks are performed. Clients only display the information prepared in the server cluster. In addition, the 1C:Enterprise cluster server stores service files, as well as the infobase registration log.
- Database server— the database server directly stores and works with data, provided by one of the following database management systems (DBMS) supported by 1C:Enterprise:
- Microsoft SQL Server starting from Microsoft versions SQL Server 2000 and above;
- PostgrageSQL since version 8.1;
- IBM DB2 since version 9.1;
- Oracle Database since version 10g Release 2.
- Web server only required for web clients and one of the thin client options. Provides interaction of these connection types with the 1C:Enterprise server cluster.
It is also worth noting that it is not necessary for each software layer to be located on a separate physical computer. A server cluster can be located on the same computer as a database server, web server, etc. For example, it is not uncommon for small organizations to have the following work structure:
In this article, I will describe the installation of the 1C:Enterprise server version 8.3.4.389 (for other versions of the 1C:Enterprise platform 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3, the steps are similar) on one computer under Windows control Server 2008 (R2) or Windows Server 2012(R2). Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (R2) or Microsoft SQL Server 2012 will be considered as a DBMS. For this we need:
- A computer that meets the system requirements for installing the 1C:Enterprise server and with the this computer OS or .
- Computer for the database server, also running OS or (may be a computer from item 1).
- Local administrator rights on both computers.
- Distribution kit for installing the 1C:Enterprise server 8.
- Software license or HASP4 Net protection key for the 1C:Enterprise server.
- Distribution for Microsoft installations SQL Server 2008 (R2) or Microsoft SQL Server 2012.
2. Installation of MS SQL Server DBMS
Install MS SQL Server DBMS on a computer serving as a database server. For the 1C:Enterprise system to work, it is enough to install the following components:
- Database Engine Services
- Management Tools - Basic (Management Tools - Basic)
- Controls - full set(Management Tools - Complete).
Select sort options Cyrillic_General_CI_AS". More about installing systems
3. Configuring the Windows Firewall for DBMS operation
If the database server and the 1C:Enterprise cluster server are located on different physical computers, you must configure the Windows Firewall on the database server so that the 1C:Enterprise server can work with the DBMS, namely, open incoming connections on the port 1433 (for the default instance of SQL Server).
- I wrote in detail about setting up the Windows Firewall for Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (R2) / 2012.
4. Adding a user to MS SQL Server
Next, let's add a separate user to MS SQL Server, under which the databases of the 1C:Enterprise server will be connected. This user will also be the owner of these databases. The added user must be authorized on the server using a password and have a set of roles: dbcreator, processadmin, public. Details about adding a user to
- Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (R2) I wrote .
- Microsoft SQL Server 2012 I wrote .
5. Installing the 1C:Enterprise server
Now let's move on to installing the 1C:Enterprise server files and starting the corresponding service. Installation requires a distribution kit of the 1C:Enterprise technology platform. From the list of supplied distributions, the following are suitable:
- Technological platform 1C:Enterprise for Windows - allows you to install a 32-bit 1C:Enterprise server
- 1C:Enterprise Server (64-bit) for Windows - allows installation of both 32-bit and 64-bit 1C:Enterprise server
(There is also an extended version of KORP server 1C: Enterprise 8.3, details can be found on the 1C website)
Open the directory with the 1C:Enterprise server installation files and run the file setup.exe.
The 1C:Enterprise installation assistant will start. On the first page, click Further».
On the next page, you need to select the components that will be installed, we need the components:
- Server 1C:Enterprise— 1C:Enterprise server components
- Server administration 1C:Enterprise 8 — additional components for administering a 1C:Enterprise server cluster
Other components (the list of components may depend on a specific distribution kit), depending on the need, can also be installed on this computer. Having made a choice, press " Further».
Select the interface language that will be used by default and click " Further».
If the 1C:Enterprise server is installed as windows service(and in most cases it should be installed) I recommend immediately creating a separate user from under which the created service will be launched. For this
- Leave the flag enabled Install 1C:Enterprise server as windows service(recommended)»;
- We translate the corresponding switch into " Create user USR1CV8».
- We enter 2 times the password for the created user. By default, the password must comply with the policy Windows passwords. You can read more about this:
- For Microsoft Windows Server 2008 (R2) - ;
- For Microsoft Windows Server 2012 - .
You can also select an existing user to run the 1C:Enterprise server. In this case, the selected user must have the following rights:
- Log on as a service
- Log on as a batch job
- Performance Log Users.
Also, the user must be sure to give the necessary rights to the directory of server service files (by default C:\Program Files\1cv8\srvinfo for 64-bit and C:\Program Files (x86)\1cv8\srvinfo for a 32-bit server).
Automatically created user USR1CV8 will have all of the above rights.
After filling in the appropriate parameters, click " Further».
And finally, press Install» to start the installation. This will copy the files of the selected components, create configuration files, registering application components, creating shortcuts, and launching the 1C:Enterprise server service.
Upon completion of the installation, the assistant will offer to install the protection driver - HASP Device Driver. If used software license to the 1C:Enterprise server, there is no need to install the driver. Leave or remove the flag " Install protection driver» and press « Further».
Everyone knows that a server is a specialized computer in the material sense, what is in the language system administrators called iron. If we are talking about the 1C Enterprise environment and the file version of work, then the enterprise server, whose employees work with accounting programs, stores databases, to which local network users connect from client devices. In addition, other information can, of course, be stored on the server.
What is a 1C server
But there is another understanding of the server
1C Server is a program that works in client-server mode with 1C databases running DBMS, for example, Microsoft SQL Server or Linux PostgreSQL, IBM DB2, Oracle Database, etc. That is, it is not just the storage of the 1C database on the server, it is the management of the work processes of 1C Enterprise.
As a rule, the 1C server is used by medium and large companies in which about 20 or more users work with 1C databases at the same time. With a smaller number of 1C users, the file mode is still enough, when the 1C database is located on one of the computers (possibly one of the users), and the path to it on the local network is registered from the rest of the PCs. For example, like this: \\<Имя компьютера в сети>\Bases 1s\<Имя базы 1с>
And for the user on whose computer the database is located:
Why do we need a 1C server, and what advantages does it have?
- performance. When working in the client-server version of 1C, the most voluminous and “heavy operations”, for example, group re-posting of documents or group data processing, are performed on server capacities, and the end result, the so-called “sample”, is provided to the client application. Increasing the capacity of one server is easier and cheaper than upgrading all client machines.
- Safety. When using the 1C client-server mode, users do not know the location of the database. it simplest way stop the possibility of copying information from the database. In the file mode of working with the database, the user can easily do this.
- Another serious argument in favor of integrating the 1C server architecture information system based on 1C is the ease of administration, as well as the ability to control and restrict user access to the database.
Server operation 1C
A configuration or a 1C client application launched by a user on his device, say, a computer, is connected to a 1C: Enterprise 8 server cluster that accesses a server that stores databases managed by MS SQL Server or PostgreSQL.
It is desirable to place the 1C Enterprise 8 server and the database server on different hardware, since it is thanks to this that the load is distributed between the 1C Enterprise servers and the database.
Installing server 1C
Let's go directly to the instructions for installing the 1C server. To begin with, we need an installation distribution kit, which can be taken from the 1C user support site (users.v8.1c.ru).
From the list of supplied distributions, two options are suitable for us:
- Technological platform 1C Enterprise for Windows - to install the server 1C 32-bit version.
- Server 1C Enterprise (x64) for Windows - to install the server 1C both 64x and 32-bit version.
Open the folder with the installation files. For the 1C Enterprise environment, this is a standard window.
We need the Setup.exe file. Its launch will call the 1C Enterprise installation assistant. On the first page, click Next.
On the next page, we will be asked to select the components to be installed. In addition to the standard ones, pay attention to:
- Server 1C Enterprise, which will install the components of the server 1C.
- Administration of the server 1C Enterprise 8 - the necessary elements of the administration of 1C servers.
The rest of the components can be installed as needed now or later. Therefore, we click "Next".
After that, we have to choose a language among the proposed interface languages. It all depends on the desire of the user. Please note that choosing " System settings» work will continue in the language of the OS installed on the computer.
In most cases, the 1C server is installed as a service (recommended), so we put the appropriate checkmark on the next page. We also select a user to start the service or create a new one. Be sure to check that the user has the following rights:
- Login, that is, access directly to the service (Log on as service);
- Login to the system to run a batch of jobs/commands (Log on as batch job);
- Ability to use Performance Log Users.
In addition, it is better to give the user rights to the directory of server service files. The default is C:\ProgramFiles(or ProgramFiles(x86))\1cv8\srvinfo. The path depends on what bitness we install the application for the 1C Enterprise server.
Created New user USR1CV8 will have all of the listed permissions by default. Set a password and continue the installation of the Enterprise server.
On the next page we begin the installation.
After its completion, the program will offer to install the protection driver. Using software protection driver is not required. Whether we check the box or not depends on the type of our license.
Now we need to make sure the server service is running.
We can access the list of services by using the services.msc command in the search bar of the Start menu. The service may look as shown in the screenshot or "1C: Enterprise 8.3 Server Agent". If the service is not running, start it manually: right click click on the service - Properties - Run. Also set the Startup Type to Automatic.
Server 1C installation is completed. It remains only to configure the Windows firewall so that users from client machines can connect to the 1C server. To do this, you need to unblock ports 1541, 1560-1591 in the firewall. You can read about how to add an allow rule to the firewall on the Internet.
In the final, we will activate the existing license for the 1C server.
Installing the 1C: Enterprise 7.7 platform on a 64-bit operating system fraught with some difficulties. The fact is that installing 1C through a regular installer will not work, even if you run the program in mode. But nothing is impossible. Below is step-by-step instruction for installing 1C:Enterprise in 64-bit Windows, in my case it is .
1. Installation in Windows x32
First you need to install the required platform 1C:Enterprise in any other 32-bit Windows system by changing the default installation path to " C:\Program Files (x86)\1Cv77\” (for all shortcuts to work). In detail, I wrote about installing 1C. Then you need to copy the files to the 64-bit system:
- Directory " 1Cv77' out of the way
« C:\Program Files (x86)\» 32's bit system in
« C:\Program Files (x86)\» 64-bit system. - Directory " 1C Enterprise 7.7' out of the way
« C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Main Menu\Programs»
on a 32 bit system
« C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs»
64-bit system
(the paths may vary depending on the version of Windows you are using). - Copy file from path
« C:\WINDOWS\system32\» 32-bit system in
« C:\Windows\SysWOW64\» 64-bit operating system.
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Installing the 1C Enterprise server on the platform Windows task simple and intuitive, which even an inexperienced administrator can handle. However, we decided to devote a couple of lines to it in order to bring final clarity to this issue and give our cycle completeness and completeness.
As you know, repetition is the mother of learning, updating knowledge is always useful, especially since sometimes the installation of a 1C Enterprise server turns into a hodgepodge of all kinds of components, half of which are not needed on the server.
Let's talk about versions first. At the moment, 1C offers a server in two editions of 32 and 64 bits, which differ primarily in cost of 42,000 and 72,000 rubles. It should be remembered that a license for a 64-bit server gives the right to use the 32-bit version, but not vice versa. For normal operation of the 1C Enterprise server, the security key must be physically connected to the server, however, to successfully launch application solutions, you will need a network key for the required number of users, both keys can be physically located on the same server, they do not interfere with each other. More about keys.
A widespread mistake is installing the wrong version of the server when a 64-bit server is installed on a 64-bit server OS with a license for 32-bit. Therefore, before installing, carefully check which version you have purchased.
To install the 32-bit version of the server, the same distribution kit is used as for installing the client part. Run the installer and carefully examine the window of available components:
The first three points do not interest us - these are various options for client platforms that are not needed on the server. I think it is unnecessary to say that you should not combine the role of the 1C Enterprise server and the role terminal server. The only role that the 1C server can be combined with is the database server, provided there is a small load and sufficient resources that are correctly distributed between the roles. First of all, it is necessary to limit the appetites of the DBMS regarding random access memory and it is highly desirable to store the database on a separate disk array.
Main component - Server 1C:Enterprise, it seems to us redundant to clarify its purpose. If you intend to use a web server or thin client via the Internet - must be installed Web Server Extensions, component 1C:Enterprise server administration is not mandatory, it can (and should) be installed on the administrator's workstation.
With a simpler 64-bit version, this installation package contains only the 1C Enterprise server:
As you can see, the 64-bit distribution does not contain the server administration component; if necessary, it should be installed from the 32-bit distribution.
If the localization of your OS does not match the 1C interface language, then do not forget to additionally install the necessary ones and explicitly select them in the next step. For example, when installing the Ukrainian version of 1C on the Russian localization of the OS.
To start the services of the 1C Enterprise server, you can use the Administrator account or, which will be more correct and safe, a special account USR1CV82. If this account does not exist, you will be prompted to create one during installation.
When setting a password, remember that it must comply with the requirements of the security policy, otherwise you will receive an error 8007056B / 800708C5, in which case you will need to install New Password given user manually. A blank password is also not allowed, even if your security policy allows it.
Another one possible error- incorrectly specified password to an existing one account, this usually happens when updating the platform, in which case you will get an error:
Two options are possible here. If you remember the password, abort the installation and restart it with the correct password. Otherwise, click Skip and change the user password USR1CV82 the one you specified during installation. Then start the service Server agent 1C:Enterprise 8.2 manually.
Also, do not forget that the platform versions of the server and the client must match, and the next step should be to install (update) the client platforms. If you need to update the server version, we advise you to first uninstall the previous one via Installing and uninstalling programs and only after that install new version, all settings will be saved.