2 Ways to search for information on the web Searching for information is one of the most popular tasks in practice that any Internet user has to solve. There are three main ways to search for information on the Internet: 1. Specify the page address. 2. Movement on hyperlinks. 3. Access to the search engine (search server).

3 1: Specifying the page address This is the most fast way search, but it can only be used if you know exactly the address of the document or the site where the document is located. Do not forget the ability to search on a web page open in a browser window (Edit-Find on this page...).

5 3: Referring to a search engine Using hypertext links, you can travel indefinitely in the information space of the Web, moving from one web page to another, but given that many millions of web pages have been created in the world, you can find the necessary information on them in such a way way is unlikely to succeed. Special search engines come to the rescue (they are also called search engines). Search server addresses are well known to everyone who works on the Internet. Currently, the following search servers are popular in the Russian-speaking part of the Internet: Yandex (yandex.ru), Google (google.ru) and Rambler (rambler.ru).

6 Search engine Search engine is a website that allows you to search for information on the Internet. Most search engines look for information on websites world wide web, but there are also systems that can search for files on ftp servers, products in online stores, and information in Usenet newsgroups. According to the principle of operation, search engines are divided into two types: search directories and search indexes.

7 Search directories Search directories serve for thematic search. The information on these servers is structured by topics and subtopics. With the intention of covering a narrow topic, it is not difficult to find a list of web pages dedicated to it. Online resource directory or directory Internet resources or simply an Internet directory a structured set of links to sites with a brief description of them. The directory in which links to sites within categories are sorted by the popularity of sites is called a rating (or top).

9 Search indexes Search indexes work like alphabetical indexes. The client specifies a word or a group of words that characterize its search area, and receives a list of links to web pages containing the specified terms. The first search engine for the World Wide Web was Wandex, a now-defunct index developed by Matthew Gray of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993.

10 How does a search index work? Search indexes automatically, using special programs(web spiders), scan the pages of the Internet and index them, that is, they enter them into their huge database. A search robot ("web spider") is a program that integral part search engine and designed to bypass Internet pages in order to enter information about them ( keywords) to the search engine database. At its core, the spider most closely resembles a regular browser. It scans the content of the page, uploads it to the server of the search engine that owns it, and sends it through links to the following pages. In response to a request where to find the necessary information, the search server returns a list of hyperlinks leading to web pages on which necessary information exists or is mentioned. The length of the list can be any, depending on the content of the request.

11 Yandex index: search for "Informatics and ICT"

12 Yandex Russian system search on the web. The company's website, Yandex.ru, was launched on September 23, 1997. The head office of the company is located in Moscow. The company has offices in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Odessa and Kyiv. The number of employees exceeds 700 people. The word "Yandex" (consisting of the letter "I" and part of the word index; the fact that the Russian pronoun "I" corresponds to the English "I") was coined by Ilya Segalovich, one of the founders of Yandex, in this moment holding the position of technical director of the company. Yandex search allows you to search the RuNet for documents in Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Romanian, English, German and French, taking into account the morphology of Russian and English and proximity of words in a sentence. Distinctive feature Yandex the ability to fine-tune the search query. This is implemented using a flexible query language. By default, Yandex displays 10 links on each results page; in the search results settings, you can increase the page size to 20, 30, or 50 found documents. From time to time, the Yandex algorithms responsible for the relevance of the issue change, which leads to changes in the results search queries. In particular, these changes are directed against search spam, leading to irrelevant results for some queries.

13 Leader search engines Internet, Google occupies more than 70% of the world market. It now registers about 50 million search queries daily and indexes more than 8 billion web pages. Google can find information in 115 languages. According to one version, Google is a distorted spelling of the English word googol. "Googol" is a mathematical term for one followed by 100 zeros. The term was coined by Milton Sirotta, nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner, and first described in Kasner and James Newman's Mathematics and the Imagination. Use of this term Google reflects the challenge of organizing vast amounts of information on the Internet. The Google interface contains a rather sophisticated query language that allows you to limit your search to specific domains, languages, file types, and so on.

14 Rambler Media Group is an Internet holding that includes as services a search engine, a rating classifier of Russian Internet resources, informational portal. Rambler was founded in 1996. The Rambler search engine understands and distinguishes between Russian, English and Ukrainian words. By default, the search is based on all forms of the word.

15 Questions: What are the main ways to search for information on the web? In what case may it be necessary to search on a web page already open in the browser? What are the two types of search engines? Name the most popular search engines on the Internet.

Lesson "Searching for information on the Internet"
Target:
Master the basic methods of searching the network; know how to present information on the Internet.
be able to navigate the logical levels of information organization
Tasks:
Educational - the formation of skills to search for information on the Internet;
Developing - the development of students' ability to navigate the logical levels of information organization.
Educational - educating students in responsibility for business, interest in computer science.

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Slides captions:

Searching for information is one of the most popular tasks in practice that any Internet user has to solve. There are three main ways to search for information on the Internet: Specifying the page address. Navigation through hyperlinks. Access to the search engine (search server).

This is the fastest way to search, but it can only be used if you know exactly the address of the document or the site where the document is located.

This is the least convenient method, since it can be used to search for documents that are only similar in meaning to the current document.

Search server addresses are well known to everyone who works on the Internet. Currently, the following search servers are popular in the Russian-speaking part of the Internet: Yandex (yandex.ru), Google (google.ru), Rambler (rambler.ru) and some others.

The principle of the search engine. Ease of use. The complexity of the query language. Work speed.

Index search engines, working in automatic mode update their information, view the contents of servers on the Internet, index all the information contained in them and enter information about the location of words on site pages into their databases. Catalog search systems contain a thematically structured catalog of servers and are most often replenished manually.

Information need - information and data that the user needs in order to this moment. A relevancy property is a collection of documents that matches a query. Search completeness - reflects the ratio of relevant responses to the number of all possible documents that satisfy the consumer's information needs. Search accuracy - expresses the ratio of the totality of relevant responses to the number of all issued documents.

Take into account the features of natural language. To not allow spelling mistakes. Avoid searching by one word, use the necessary and sufficient set of words. Do not write capital letters. Exclude unnecessary words from the search.

Language syntax Meaning Example! The prohibition of enumeration of all word forms! pedagogical system (the words pedagogical systems will be excluded from the search) + Mandatory presence of words in the found documents Pedagogical & system "" Search for stable phrases "pedagogical system" (a strict sequence of words is taken into account, the word "pedagogical system" will be excluded)

- What are the main ways to search for information? What are the two types of search engines? - Name the most popular search engines on the Internet. What are the rules for finding information? What are query languages ​​used for?

How many countries and which ones are in the EU? How many domes are on St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square? What year was it invented computer mouse? On which floor in the Hermitage does the tapestry collection hang? How many floors are in the Main Building of Moscow University? What does the term "entropy" mean in terms of information theory? What is the maximum depth of the Black Sea?

Preview:

Lesson "Searching for information on the Internet"

Target:

Master the basic methods of searching the network; know how to present information on the Internet.

be able to navigate the logical levels of information organization

Tasks:

educational– formation of skills for searching for information on the Internet;

Educational - the development of students' ability to navigate the logical levels of information organization.

Educational – education in students of responsibility for business, interest in computer science.

Lesson type:

learning new material.

Forms of study:

Frontal, individual.

Teaching methods:

Verbal, visual, practical, partially exploratory.

Equipment:

1. Computer with Internet access, multimedia projector, office equipped with personal computers with Internet access at the rate of 1 student - 1 computer.
2. Presentation for the lesson

Short lesson plan:

1. Organizational moment, TO - 5 min.
2. Information search technologies on the Internet - 30 min.
3. Group work on searching for information on the Internet - 35 min.
4. Messages from students of search results - 10 min.
5. Summing up the lesson - 10 min.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment.

Teacher : Good afternoon guys. Today we have a lesson in which you will learn how to search for information on the Internet, learn about search engines that make it easier to find the information you need. But in order to successfully achieve our goal, let's answer a few questions from the topics you have studied earlier and repeat the rules of safety when working at a computer:

1. What types computer networks do you know?
2. What is the Internet?
3. What programs for accessing the Internet do you know? What is the common name for these programs?
4. Why is the Internet so popular in today's world?

Thanks for answers. Well done!

2. Learning a new topic

Teacher : And now we'll talk about finding information on the Internet(Appendix 1, slide 1).

Very often there is a need to search for the required information on various topics. To do this, you can use the necessary literature. But the most efficient and fast method is the search for information on the Internet. But the presence of a computer and access to the Internet does not guarantee that a person will be able to find the necessary information quickly and completely.

To search on the Internet, you can use specialized service services that allow you to find a particular document by keywords. They are called search engines. In addition to search engines, there are metasearch engines. They do not have their own search engines, but use the capabilities of other search engines.

Search engines are presented to users in the form of web pages with easy navigation. It is enough to enter the address of the system, and the necessary page is presented to your services. Another feature built into the browser is represented on the panel as a "Search" button.

What are some ways to search for information?

There are three ways to find information on the Internet(Appendix 1, slide 2):

1. Specifying the page address.
2. Navigation through hyperlinks.
3. Access to the search engine (search server).

Let's take a look at each of them:

– (Appendix 1, slide 3):Specifying the page address is the fastest way to search, but it can only be used if you know the exact address of the document or site where the document is located.

– (Annex 1, slide 4): Following links - This is the least convenient method, since it can be used to search for documents that are only close in meaning to the current document.

But this method is very simple and suitable for a novice user.

Using hypertext links, you can travel indefinitely in the information space of the Web, moving from one web page to another, but given that many millions of web pages have been created in the world, it is unlikely that you will be able to find the necessary information on them in this way.

– (Appendix 1, slide 5):This is where special search engines come to the rescue (they are also called search engines). Search server addresses are well known to everyone who works on the Internet. Currently, the following search servers are popular in the Russian-speaking part of the Internet: Yandex (yandex.ru), Google (google.ru), Rambler (rambler.ru) and some others.

(Appendix 1, slide6):What is a search engine?

There are several thousand search engines on the World Wide Web. Each system has its own advantages and disadvantages. The criteria for choosing a search engine can be such characteristics as:

1. The principle of the search engine.
2. Ease of use.
3. The complexity of the query language.
4. Work speed.

(Appendix 1, slide 7):There are 2 main types of Internet search engines: index and classification (catalogue).

Index search engines, working in the automatic mode of updating their information, browse the contents of servers on the Internet, index all the information contained in them and enter information about the location of words on site pages into their databases.

Catalog search systems contain a thematically structured catalog of servers and are most often replenished manually.

(Appendix 1, slide 8):Basic concepts and characteristics of search results.

information need- information and data that the user needs at the moment.

Relevance property- a set of documents that matches the request.

Search completeness - reflects the ratio of relevant responses to the number of all possible documents that satisfy the information need of the consumer.

Search accuracy - expresses the ratio of the totality of relevant responses to the number of all issued documents.

(Appendix 1, slide 9):And now let's try to derive the rules for searching for information on the Internet?

1. Take into account the features of natural language.
2. Avoid spelling mistakes.
3. Avoid searching by one word, use the necessary and sufficient set of words.
4. Do not write in capital letters.
5. Exclude unnecessary words from the search.

(Appendix 1, slide 10):The concept of a query language.

Now let's answer a few questions.(Appendix 1, slide 11):

- What are the main ways to search for information?

What are the two types of search engines?

- Name the most popular search engines on the Internet.

What are the rules for finding information?

What are query languages ​​used for?

3. Practical activities for PC:

Teacher : And now we sit down at the computers and do practical work.(Appendix 1, slide 12).During the work, the teacher controls the search process so that students do not get carried away by idle reading of sites, since they need not only to find the necessary information, but also to compare search engines; helps to correct the wording of the request if the student did not find any of the desired documents.

1. How many countries and which ones are in the EU?
2. How many domes are on St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square?
3. What year was the computer mouse invented?
4. On which floor in the Hermitage does the tapestry collection hang?
5. How many floors are in the Main Building of Moscow University?
6. What does the term "entropy" mean in terms of information theory?
7. What is the maximum depth of the Black Sea?

After completing the task, students report the results of the search for information.

At the end of the lesson, the teacher sums it up, evaluates the work of the students.

Teacher : The lesson is over. Thank you for the lesson!

Searching for information on the Internet
Computer telecommunications

Lesson Plan
“Fill in the blanks” Why are we learning a new topic? Ways to find information on the Internet. Types of search engines. Characteristics of popular search engines. Homework.

"Fill in the blanks"
Computer network E-mail Local, regional, global Local Servers Network card, network cable Global Ring, star, bus www browsers
Evaluation 10 answers - 5 8-9 answers - 4 6-7 answers - 3

Ways to find information on the web
Searching for information is one of the most popular tasks in practice that any Internet user has to solve. There are three main ways to search for information on the Internet: Specifying the page address. Navigation through hyperlinks. Access to the search engine (search server).

Specifying a page address
Navigation through hyperlinks
Contacting a search engine

Method 1: Specifying the page address
This is the fastest way to search, but it can only be used if you know exactly the address of the document or the site where the document is located. For example:

Method 3: Contacting a search engine
Using hypertext links, you can travel indefinitely in the information space of the Web, moving from one web page to another, but given that many millions of web pages have been created in the world, it is unlikely that you will be able to find the necessary information on them in this way. Special search engines come to the rescue (they are also called search engines). Search server addresses are well known to everyone who works on the Internet. Currently, the following search servers are popular in the Russian-speaking part of the Internet: Yandex (yandex.ru), Google (google.ru) and Rambler (rambler.ru).

Search system
Search engine - a website that provides the ability to search for information on the Internet. Most search engines look for information on World Wide Web sites, but there are also systems that can look for files on ftp servers, items in online stores, and information on Usenet newsgroups. The first search engine for the World Wide Web was Wandex, a now-defunct index developed by Matthew Gray of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993.

According to the principle of operation, search engines are divided into two types: search directories and search indexes.

Search directories
Search directories serve for thematic search. The information on these servers is structured by topics and subtopics. With the intention of covering a narrow topic, it is not difficult to find a list of web pages dedicated to it. An Internet resource catalog or a catalog of Internet resources or simply an Internet catalog is a structured set of links to sites with a brief description of them. The directory in which links to sites within categories are sorted by the popularity of sites is called a rating (or top).

Search indexes
Search indexes work like alphabetical indexes. The client specifies a word or a group of words that characterize his search area - and receives a list of links to web pages containing the specified terms.

How does a search index work?
Search indexes automatically, with the help of special programs (web spiders), scan Internet pages and index them, that is, they enter them into their huge database. A search robot (“web spider”) is a program that is an integral part of a search engine and is designed to crawl Internet pages in order to enter information about them (keywords) into the search engine database. At its core, the spider most closely resembles a regular browser. It scans the content of the page, uploads it to the server of the search engine that owns it, and sends it through links to the following pages. In response to a query where to find the required information, the search server returns a list of hyperlinks leading to web pages that contain or mention the required information. The length of the list can be any, depending on the content of the request.

Golden rules for searching for information on the web.
Consider the features of natural language. Don't make spelling mistakes. Avoid single word searches. Do not write in capital letters. Exclude unnecessary words from the search. Use the advanced search options.

Rating of search engines in Russia (according to SpyLog).
Major search engines http://www.yandex.ru/ - 54.8267% http://www.rambler.ru/ - 21.7645% http://www.google.com/ - 15.6207% http://www.mail. ru/ - 4.5466% http://www.aport.ru/ - 1.5788%

http://www.yandex.ru/
Yandex is a Russian web search engine. The company's website, Yandex.ru, was launched on September 23, 1997. The head office of the company is located in Moscow. The company has offices in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Odessa and Kyiv. The word "Yandex" (consisting of the letter "I" and part of the word index; the fact that the Russian pronoun "I" corresponds to the English "I") was coined by Ilya Segalovich, one of the founders of Yandex. Yandex search allows you to search the Runet for documents in Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Romanian, English, German and French, taking into account the morphology of Russian and English and the proximity of words in a sentence. A distinctive feature of Yandex is the ability to fine-tune the search query. This is implemented using a flexible query language. By default, Yandex displays 10 links on each results page; in the search results settings, you can increase the page size to 20, 30, or 50 found documents. From time to time, the Yandex algorithms responsible for the relevance of the issue change, which leads to changes in the results of search queries. In particular, these changes are directed against search spam, leading to irrelevant results for some queries.

http://www.rambler.ru/
Rambler Media Group is an Internet holding that includes as services a search engine, a rating classifier of Russian Internet resources, and an information portal. Rambler was founded in 1996. The Rambler search engine understands and distinguishes between Russian, English and Ukrainian words. By default, the search is based on all forms of the word.

http://www.google.ru/
The leader of Internet search engines, Google occupies more than 70% of the world market. It now registers about 50 million search queries daily and indexes more than 8 billion web pages. Google can find information in 115 languages. According to one version, Google is a distorted spelling of the English word googol. "Googol" is a mathematical term for one followed by 100 zeros. The term was coined by Milton Sirotta, nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner, and first described in Kasner and James Newman's Mathematics and the Imagination. Google's use of the term reflects the challenge of organizing the vast amounts of information on the Internet. The Google interface contains a rather sophisticated query language that allows you to limit your search to specific domains, languages, file types, and so on.

Search method Pros Cons Application
Indication of the page address Exact hit on the target Need to know the exact address When the exact address is known
Navigation through hyperlinks Evidence of search Search within one or more pages When you need an answer to an inaccurate question
Contacting a search engine There is always a "positive" result Many extraneous information, the difficulty of formulating an exact request In almost any situation

For which method the characteristic is given: Search within similar pages The result contains a lot of extraneous information The result is always The most accurate The easiest The most common The best

Results
I have learned… I have learned… I will apply… I value my work…

"Searching for scientific information on the Internet" Stepanova Tanya Master's degree 1 course

In online work, it is useful to rely on the opinion of professionals who have previously gone through the same search path, done the rough work and compiled tips, guides, lists of useful pages and sites for colleagues. Specialists can be a good help. search engines that select web resources worthy of attention according to a given algorithm.

Main positive points: Large catalog of accessible chemistry journals Patent databases available Also links to articles and reference books

A definite plus: quick navigation through reference books A wide variety of reference material There are different sections on chemistry

Windows Live Academic A beta version of a scientific search engine from Microsoft. Designed to search for scientific articles both in open sources and in archives of publications with paid access. At the moment, articles on physics, chemistry, computer technology, electrical engineering and related disciplines.

Chemweb is the largest online chemistry portal in the world. Contains information on research in the field of chemistry and chem. industry. Topic: analytical chemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, electrochemistry, fuel, inorganic chemistry, chemical materials, organic chemistry, pharmacology, physical chemistry, polymers. Access to 350 journals and databases.

Nigma Search engine for chemical data Substances can be written both with the help of names and in the form of formulas. For the introduced substance, the system will try to find reactions with their participation. In addition to the molecular formula, the system provides an ionic formula. The system will tell you why the reaction is impossible

List of used links: