And hello again)
We will again focus on the PSOne prefix.
Last time I talked about the drive for this console.
Well, if we have a working console, we need to get beautiful picture on TV.
I found a real SCART RGB cable for it.
About him and other cables and there will be a conversation.
UPD: by the way, this cable not only gives a good picture, one more function works with it)))
I wanted to somehow get a better picture on the TV from the set-top box.
The set-top box was connected via a composite audio-video cable. And if on the old TV it looked normal, then on the new one it didn’t look very good - the picture is blurry and trembling, the colors are not very juicy. 
Very often I came across such a cable, component video. 
But before buying, I decided to read on the forums what and how. And not in vain.
Playstation 1 consoles do not support component video. This cable is for PS2 only.
For PS1, the options are:
-composite audio video cable (worst option)
-
-SCART RGB cable (considered the best option for PS1)
S-Video had to be dropped because There is no such input on my TV. You can only connect through, but it is not known what the output of this adapter will be, maybe it will only transmit a composite signal.
SCART RGB could not find everything, of course I came across, but with very expensive delivery, not from China.
And, yes, not every SCART cable for Playstation transmits an RGB signal, most transmit only composite video and sound. You need to read the product description carefully.
And finally, I got the right cable with delivery from China.
The seller provided a tracking number. 
And here is the cable itself. 
The cable is not very soft. There are no markings on the cable. There are no ferrite filters.
Connected, without inserting a disk, launched the prefix.
If with a composite cable connection it was necessary to switch to composite video manually, then via a SCART cable the TV itself switches to the SCART input as soon as the set-top box is turned on.
I saw the difference already on the boot screen. 
No, this is not a hand trembling, the camera was on a tripod, the picture on the left is the blurry image from the composite cable.
The ripples that were clearly visible around the text were especially infuriating.
More photos.
Composite: 
RGB: 
It is clearly seen that the colors have become a little juicier, the picture is clearer.
Well, that's all, thank you all for your attention, good luck to everyone, bye everyone
Blue, green and red. Others are obtained by mixing these three basic ones. This principle is called RGB. Camcorders generate an image in this format, and then this signal is played back by a TV or computer monitor. By changing the intensity of the three main colors, any shade of the spectrum can be created, resulting in natural images on the screen.
What is bandwidth?
The question arises: "In what form should the video signal be transmitted?" For this you can use directly RGB format, but it occupies too wide a frequency band. Therefore, most often such a signal is converted into a compact format that can be transmitted via a component cable. This format is built from three signals. The first is called the luminance pulse, and it is also capable of carrying the black and white information contained in the original RGB. The second and third signals are called color difference signals. They determine the proportion of red and in the overall brightness. Mathematically, color difference pulses are derivatives of the RGB signal. The component cable does not transmit the share of green in the overall brightness. It is calculated by the values of the remaining signals, because the values of the brightness of blue and red colors are known. Therefore, the remainder is in green. Component cable compresses the size of the frequency band by one third of the original when transmitting a video signal.
Where is the component video transmission format used?
This encoding is used when transmitting an image, known as the DVD standard. Nearly all DVD players have a video output that connects to a three-wire component cable, providing pure, rich colors and crisp images. Most often, these players have several different types of video outputs. However, using such interfaces will cause high quality component video to be compressed and transmitted in a worse standard (eg composite) to your monitor. Therefore, if your player and TV are capable of operating in component video mode, then it is better to use this particular standard. As a rule, such a cord consists of three RCA connectors, which are indicated by red, green and blue colors (Y, B-Y, R-Y). If the TV and monitor have the same type of connectors, then it is important to observe color coding. Most often, receivers receive a component signal through a VGA port. This interface is equipped with a 15-pin D-sub connector.
This cord is available from all manufacturers.
PS2/PS3 component cable
This cord is used to connect the PlayStation2 and PlayStation3 systems to the TV. The PS3 and PS2 component cable supports 576p picture output when a PlayStation2 device is connected. And when you connect a PlayStation3 system, the resolution is higher - up to 1080p. This component cable is compatible with most TVs that support this standard. In addition, the mentioned cord has two connectors for direct connection to an audio channel amplifier. Component cable is considered one of the best interfaces for connecting game system to your TV and is second only to the HDMI standard.
Switching of the video part of the complex
We continue the conversation. This article will focus on switching video signals between sources and display device(s). The types of video signal transmission and, of course, the problem of making homemade cables will also be considered.
Cables
In fact, regardless of the type of analog video signal (composite, S-Video, RGB, component), structurally the conductor is a coaxial cable with a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms. Depending on the type of video signal, there can be either one such cable, or several such cables are used to transmit the signal.
However, there is great amount varieties of practical implementation of this design. The center conductor may be a thick copper solid core, may consist of many thin copper or silver-plated copper strands, and so on. The screen can be single, double and even triple, it can consist of wire, or wire in combination with foil or foil plastic. The cable itself can be quite impressive and thick, or it can be very thin and inconspicuous. In general, there are many options. And the most interesting thing is that it is quite difficult to say for sure which design provides guaranteed high image quality when transmitting an analog video signal - each manufacturer has its own methods and patented technologies. Some manage to make excellent cables, consisting of only a stranded copper conductor and one copper shield. And someone makes a super-fancy cable using expensive materials, and the image quality does not live up to expectations, given the considerable cost of such a cable. That is, when choosing a cable, excluding the “image factor”, blindly trusting the phrase “expensive means high quality”, is not worth it in any case. However, not everything is so scary, since most of the well-known "cable builders" still have a well-deserved reputation as a conscientious manufacturer, which means that if you buy a cable from a well-known manufacturer that has proven itself well in the production of cables, you can hardly go wrong. At least it's better than buying a cable from an unknown manufacturer, which, according to the seller on the market, is "much cooler than all these trendy branded ones."
And can you at least a few examples of proven manufacturers of video cables?
Supra, Wire World, Straight Wire, Canare, Monitor cable, QED, Ixos, Liberty. Of course, this is not a list, but randomly named brands. I remembered, as you understand, not all of them ...
Types and methods of analog video transmission
Composite
Since the most popular are relatively inexpensive video equipment and budget-class TVs, the method of transmitting a video signal, where all its components are transmitted in a mixed form over a single coaxial cable, is the most widespread among the people. Such a video signal is called "composite" (composite video). And if in the era of the dominance of VHS cassettes, this method of transmitting a video signal could be considered quite acceptable in quality, since the VHS cassette itself (in comparison with DVD, for example) cannot boast of a high-quality clear image, then with the advent of inexpensive DVD players to the masses the composite video signal, if not doomed to death, then at least began to go to the very backyards even in the class of budget equipment (it has not been used in expensive home video equipment for a long time). Now only VHS-players / tape recorders have a composite video output (actually, they never had and never will have another low-frequency video output except for the composite one), and karaoke consoles. The vast majority of other devices, such as DVD players, modern camcorders, satellite receivers, and so on, already have much better video outputs, where video signal components are transmitted separately from each other. Although, in most modern devices, a composite video output is still present so as not to deprive the user of the ability to connect the device to “less advanced” display devices. For example, many modern TVs with small screen diagonals (14″-21″), not to mention the previously released models, still have only a composite video input.
Usually, the output and input of a composite video signal is made in the form of a yellow RCA jack (in the photo, the connector is in the lower left corner), or it can be transmitted through a universal one.
The cable used to transmit the composite video signal is 1 coaxial cable with RCA connectors ("tulip") at the ends.
S-video
This type of video signal provides separate transmission of the luminance signal (Y) and two combined chrominance signals (C) over independent cables. Standard for of this type connection is a round 4-pin connector. S-Video transmission can also be arranged via Scart
Compared to a composite video signal, the S-Video connection provides some gain in image clarity and stability, and to a lesser extent in color reproduction. However, these improvements will only be noticeable when using a high quality source (DVD player, high quality satellite receiver and so on) together with a screen of a sufficiently large diagonal (25″ or more). With a TV screen diagonal of 21″ (or less), the difference between composite video and S-Video may not be so obvious, since much depends on the quality of the TV itself.
Component
Or another name - color difference (Y "PbPr or otherwise YUV, YIQ). Three independent coaxial cables are used to transmit components, where signals are transmitted over one cable (Y) in the ratio 0.299R + 0.5876G + 0.114V, another (Pr) - red minus brightness (R-Y), and on the third (Br) - blue minus brightness (B-Y) Connectors at the ends of the cable are usually RCA or BNC.
And here is what the component video output of a DVD player usually looks like.
The quality of the picture when connected via a component cardinally (for the better) differs from S-Video, and even more so from a composite. Here the improvements are immediately visible: the picture is clearer and more stable with accurate color reproduction. The advantages of component connection will be especially obvious when using high-quality video signal sources and large screens (29″-36″ TVs, good plasma panels, large-screen projectors).
RGB
In this case, a separate transmission of the three primary colors and the synchronization signal is used. To be precise, this type of video signal is called RGBS (Red, Green, Blue, Sync). Information is transmitted via independent cables. These can be 3 or 4 separate coax cables (in the case of 3 cables, the sync signal goes along with green) with RCA or BNC connectors, or RGBS can be transmitted via .
There is also an even more complex variety of RGB, where not 3 or 4, but 5 cables are used for signal transmission, since the horizontal and vertical sync transmitted separately from each other. This variety is called - RGBHV (Red, Green, Blue, H-Sync, V-Sync). It is no longer possible to meet RGBHV in the Scart cable, since for such a video signal separate coaxial cables with RCA or BNC connectors are usually used, or one VGA cable (on one side of which there may also be BNC connectors (pictured)).
By the way, it is RGBHV that is used to transmit a signal from a video card system block from your computer to an analog monitor - see how clear, crisp and stable the picture is.
Frequently asked Questions:
How can the analog video transmission standards described above be ranked in terms of image quality?
In ascending order:
- composite (composite video)
- S-video
- component (component video)
- RGBHV
But this is the case if we abstract from practical implementation. Although, of course, a component or RGB in any case is better than S-Video or, even more so, a composite. But between the component and RGBS (Scart), the difference in image quality is often barely noticeable. Often, a component connection is even more optimal, since, as already mentioned, RGBS is usually implemented via Scart, the quality of the conductors of which may be inferior to the individual coaxes used in the component cable. In addition, Scart is not very long, and this is often required when, say, mounting a projector on the ceiling or installing a cabinet with equipment away from a plasma panel or TV. And finally, many plasma panels and Scart projectors are simply not equipped.
And RGBS via Scart will be a great solution if you connect, say, a DVD player to a nearby large-screen TV or plasma panel (many modern plasma panels perfectly “understand” not only RGBHV, but also RGBS - this will require a special Scart cable - 4 BNC or Scart - 4 RCA).
So both options (component video and RGBS) provide very high image quality, just each option is convenient for certain cases (depending on the installation conditions of the equipment and the switching capabilities of the equipment). But if you are concerned about connecting a high-end projector to a high-end DVD player, and you plan to use a scaler to improve the picture quality, then you should already look towards RGBHV, or even use digital connection(SDI or DVI) source to a processing and display device.
Are there RGB converters to component video or vice versa?
Yes there is. However, the price of such devices is very high, so it is easier to immediately select a source (DVD player, satellite receiver, etc.) and a display device (TV, plasma panel, projector) to connect them directly without any converters.
Are there S-Video to composite video converters or vice versa?
In the case of converting a composite signal to S-Video, you solve only the problem of the compatibility of switched devices - the image quality will not improve from such a conversion. Often such converters are built into S-VHS VCRs or high-end AV receivers. There are also separate devices.
In the case of converting S-Video to a composite signal, you noticeably lose picture quality. True, for small screens (14 ″-21 ″ diagonally), this problem is practically not relevant. You can make such a converter yourself in a few minutes:
What is the difference between an S-VHS cable and an S-Video cable?
S-VHS is not a cable, but a video cassette format. The cable has one name - S-Video, although, unfortunately, sellers in many stores call it S-VHS for some reason, which only indicates their incompetence.
Does the presence of a Scart connector on a TV or source indicate the presence of RGB in this Scart?
No. The fact is that a composite video signal, RGBS, and S-Video can be transmitted through Scart. Plus, sound and service commands. Therefore, it is not at all necessary that RGB is present in the Scart output of the device or the Scart input of the TV. It's easy to find out: look in the instructions for the device. Or spend visual inspection rear panel of the device: often they write "Scart (RGB)" above the Scart connector. However, they do not always write, but this information is required in the instructions.
More detailed information about the scart connector can be obtained from . However, I can reassure you: almost all modern large-diagonal TVs, if equipped with Scart connectors, then one or two of them will definitely be with RGB. As for DVD players, almost all modern models with Scart allow you to output RGB through it. But better clarify, just in case ...I have only one Scart with RGB on my TV - who should I “give” it to: a DVD player or a DVB satellite receiver (say, NTV +)?
If the picture from the satellite receiver does not go in HDTV format (high definition television), then it is better to connect a DVD player via RGB, and a satellite receiver via S-Video. Karaoke and VHS-video recorder - according to the composite, of course.
Does switching the video signal through the AV receiver harm the picture quality?
The switches of most modern AV receivers from well-known manufacturers do not introduce visible interference into the video signal. Moreover, in most cases, the highest quality video signal source (for the vast majority of people this is a DVD player) is usually connected to a TV (plasma panel, projector) directly. Often only composite video signals and S-Video are switched through the AV receiver.
Which S-Video cable should I buy?
If you need a cable to connect an S-VHS VCR or a relatively inexpensive satellite receiver (say, NTV +) to a TV with a screen diagonal of up to 29″, then you can safely limit yourself to an inexpensive cable for $ 10-15 (for a ready-made cable 0.7-1 long, 5 meters). If you have a high-quality large screen TV that you want to connect, say, a DVD player to (assuming neither RGB nor component connection is available in your case), then you should look into better cables for $25- 40. Also, the quality of the cable is of considerable importance if you need an S-Video cable longer than 4-5 meters.
Which scart cable to connect a DVD player to RGB to buy?
To connect to a 21″-25″ TV, any inexpensive cable for $15-20 is enough (Hama, Monitor Cable, Bandrige, etc.). If you have a decent TV with a diagonal of 29″-36″, then it is better to buy a cable with a class not lower than Profigold PGV-78x. Such a cable will cost $35-50. For large plasma TVs, you should look at serious cables from Supra, QED (pictured in the RGB description in the middle of the article), top models from Monitor cable and so on. Such a cable will cost $50-100.
Which component cable should I get?
To connect the projector to a DVD player, it is better to use a high-quality component cable, which will cost $100-150 (for a 2-3 meter sample). To connect a DVD player to a projection or regular TV of any diagonal is enough to buy a component cable for $30-50 (2-3 meter sample). Although the most optimal solution would still be to make the cable yourself, or to order such a cable in any large store professional equipment. Such a component cable (2-3 meters long) with connectors will cost $30-60. I have already described the benefits of buying professional cables, but I repeat: when buying a cable from a well-known brand, you pay not only for the product, but also for advertising in glossy magazines, beautiful packaging and, of course, the big name of the manufacturer. In the case of component cables, the problem of wasted overpayment of money is especially relevant, because often even a very cheap component cable made from 3 identical pieces of a good antenna cable and 6 connectors (the total cost of the cable will be no more than $10) will show no worse than a branded one for $50. Unless, of course, we are talking about inexpensive LCD projectors, plasma panels entry level, projection or kinescope TV. On high-quality plasma panels or high-end projectors with a large screen, such a “trick” with a cable will not work.
How to make a quality component cable yourself?
You need to buy a high-quality coaxial video cable ($ 2-4 per meter) and 6 connectors of the desired type (RCA or BNC) in a professional equipment store. However, the situation is such that almost all modern RCA or BNC connectors for professional equipment are not intended for soldering, but are connected to the cable by crimping with a special tool. Most professional hardware stores provide a crimping service for connectors - usually it costs about $1 per connector. And since the manufacture of a component cable is cutting the cable into 3 equal pieces and installing connectors, then, consider that you will be charged only $ 6 for the manufacture of a component cable, well, or a little more - depending on the company. The crimp connectors themselves cost $3-5 each (these are high-end metal connectors with a wave impedance of 75 ohms). So consider: even if you need a 3-meter component cable, then together with work and connectors it will cost about $ 50-60. And such a cable, believe me, in terms of picture quality, can easily “argue” with a purchased branded component cable for a couple of hundred dollars. I am not kidding. By the way, in serious home theater installations based on good projectors, a high-quality professional video cable is usually used, and not a Hi-End video cable in a mahogany box. Of the most well-known companies producing professional video cables, one can name, for example, a Japanese company. In no case do I want to offend other respected manufacturers of high-quality professional cables by the fact that I describe the description of self-manufacturing cables using Canare products as an example. It just so happened that I often used Canare in both installations and at home - I have nothing to reproach these cables with. So, for the manufacture of a component connector, you can use Canare-class cables or even. By the way, such cables make it possible to use lengths of even several tens of meters without visible losses as a picture.
Can I make my own S-Video cable?
The scheme is the same: buying a high-quality professional cable (I remind you that you need two coaxes) and a pair of S-Video connectors. You can find the cable desoldering in the middle of the article. But get ready: soldering S-Video connectors is quite inconvenient. It is better to take a relatively thin cable, otherwise it will be very difficult to solder it to the connector pins.
To be honest, self-production of S-Video has more minuses than pluses, given the relatively low quality of the video signal via S-Video, the complexity of soldering and the low price of many S-Video cables, the quality of which is quite enough for switching a satellite receiver or S-VHS VCR.
Can you make your own Scart?
If you have a lot of patience, then yes. Why patience? , you have to solder 21 contacts on each side. Is it just necessary? No, it doesn `t need. What do you need from Scart in a home theater? That's right, video signal transmission, and often only RGBS and composite (the sound still goes through the home theater audio system) - and this is much less of a hassle. Here you need to buy a couple of good Scart connectors ($ 3-10 piece) and a cable, class Canare V5-1.5C (pictured), which costs a few dollars per meter, but contains 5 full-fledged thin coaxials with a wave impedance of 75 Ohms. Such a cable will provide a high-quality signal and is convenient in soldering.
As a result, such a home-made Scart for $ 30 in terms of picture quality in S-Video or RGBS mode can easily compete with a purchased Scart for $ 70-100.
What is the maximum length of a component, RGB (when implemented as 3-5 separate coax cables) or composite cable?
Since in all cases separate coaxial cables are used, we can talk about all three types of connection at once. So, if you use high-quality coaxial cables (including professional ones), then without visible image deterioration, you can use lengths of 20-30 meters, and more if desired. On low-quality cables, the image can become noticeably worse even with a cable length of more than 5 meters.
What is the maximum length of the S-Video cable?
Often, relatively inexpensive ready-made S-Video cables use not the best coaxes, which behave well at short lengths, but if you want to stretch the cable more than 3-5 meters, then it is better to buy a high-quality (that is, rather expensive) S- Video cable, or make it yourself from a professional video cable (it will be cheaper and better) - in this case, a distance of a dozen or two meters will no longer be a problem.
To be continued…
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