FTP servers - rare guests on home computer. But sometimes they need to organize general access to files for computers that cannot be connected to a local network, “raise” a small website with file storage or a home media server. The tasks of flashing or restoring various network machinery, media players and set-top boxes after “scaling” are of particular note. Solving these problems requires mastering the principles of FTP. The price of the wrong decision can be high, so it is important to carefully study the material.
FTP, TFTP servers: description, operation, configuration
FTP ( File Transfer Protocol) is one of the oldest computer protocols that began to be used to receive / transmit data over a distance. Servers with its use were actively used long before the advent of the Internet. The protocol has now been modified to use TCP/IP channels. The protocol uses a client-server architecture, that is, one program is used to organize the server, and another program is used to upload and download.
How to run an FTP server through Golden FTP Server
Configuration and FTP setup-server Windows tools 7 is a reliable, but not fast, method that requires a large number of skilled actions. If you need a server "for yesterday", but you don't want to mess around with instructions and settings, then using the compact and very simple Golden FTP Server program is a good option. It exists as a free and professional version, although the first option will be sufficient for domestic applications. Despite the modest size of the distribution, the program has a number of advantages:
- ease of setup and small size of installation files;
- using the full speed of the Internet channel. Although this may be a disadvantage, since when 50-100 users are connected at the same time, the program will put the channel on the blades along with the corporate network;
- the ability to resume files when the connection is broken. To take advantage of this feature, you need to use an FTP client that also supports resuming files;
- Russified interface by default.
After downloading and installing the distribution, configure the program to start the FTP server.
The address obtained using the Golden FTP Server is available only within the network. If you need to provide access to the server via the Internet, you will have to set routes and port forwarding through the router's web interface.
For ease of use and configuration, you will have to pay for the extremely low level of security of such a server. Use the servers created in this way only in home network without giving them access from the Internet.
How to open an FTP server in File Explorer
Since the ancient Windows 98, the operating system has blurred the boundaries between " File explorer” and an Internet browser. Explorer allowed you to open pages directly in your window, but this required the inclusion of Active Desktop, which was unreliable at that time, so the mechanism was not widely used at that time. Technology has not stood still, and now you can safely access the FTP server by entering its address in Explorer:
Large files should not be downloaded, since Explorer does not support resuming data when the session is terminated. To do this, use FTP clients with the ability to resume.
What to do if the FTP server does not open
The inability to access the FTP server can be due to several reasons, related both to the settings of the computer itself and to policies within the corporate network.
Table: Common Causes of FTP Server Access Errors and Solutions
| Cause | Possible Solution |
| Incorrect username or password (no password) with which an attempt is made to access the resource. | Please try again with the correct password pair. Be aware that many corporate FTP sites do not support guest login. |
| Access is through a third-party program that is not added to the exclusion list firewall, and it blocks outgoing client requests. | Add the client program to the firewall exception table. |
| Port 21 TCP/IP, through which FTP resources are accessed by default, is blocked by the router settings. Alternatively, the server can be configured to work on a different port. You need to find out from the resource administrator with which one. | Using your router's web administration panel, change its settings so that it can work with port 21 or another port that is used by the server. |
| promotional tariff plan your Internet service provider does not allow you to work with a number of Internet protocols, including FTP. | Take care of a more expensive tariff plan. Many providers provide the facilities needed to run an FTP server ( static address, permission for incoming requests, scripts) only in expensive corporate plans. |
How to configure and run an FTP server using the built-in tools of windows 7
Many software packages can be downloaded from the web to create FTP servers. But first, try configuring the server using the built-in features of the operating system. The tools for creating web servers integrated into the distribution kit are available in Windows 7 Basic and higher.
If you have Windows 7 Home edition or Starter installed, you will need to use third-party software packages or upgrade your operating system to Windows versions 7 Basic and above.
The following instructions will guide you step by step through all the steps of starting an FTP server. During the setup process, you may need a distribution kit of the OS you have installed on optical media or a flash drive. You will also need to log in to the OS as a user with administrator rights.
- Open the "Control Panel" and select "Small Icons" in the "View" setting.
- Go to the "Programs and Features" section, then to the "Turn on or off Windows components».
Go to the "Programs and Features" section - it contains the subsection "Turn Windows features on or off" - Set checkboxes:
- Click OK and wait for the process to complete.
Wait for the component installation process to complete - Go to the "Administration" section in the "Control Panel".
The "Administration" section contains tools for configuring the server - Select the IIS Manager tool.
Open the "IIS Manager" - this is the main element of the FTP server - Go to the Sites tab.
In IIS Manager, go to the Sites tab - Right-click on the "sites" tab and select the "Add FTP site" action from the drop-down menu.
From context menu tab "sites" select the action "Add FTP site" - Specify the name of the future FTP site and the path to the directory whose contents you are going to distribute from the FTP server.
By default, the "Physical Path" field is set to C:\inetpub\ftproot - you can change it to your own - Click "Next" and specify the parameters for launching the FTP site. If you do not want the site to start automatically when you turn on the computer, then uncheck the "Start the FTP site automatically" checkbox.
Configure FTP Server Startup Options - In the SSL section, select "No SSL". Click Next, then click Finish.
In the "Authentication and Authorization Details" window, just click the "Finish" button - You have successfully created an FTP site. Now go to the path "Control Panel"> "Firewall"> "Advanced Settings"> "Rules for incoming connections."
- Select and activate the FTP Server Passive (FTP Passive Traffic-In) and FTP Server ( incoming traffic)».
To activate a rule, place the cursor on it and click the "Enable Rule" button in the right menu - Go to the Outbound Rules section and enable the FTP Server (FTP Traffic-Out) rule.
Activate the FTP Server (FTP Traffic-Out) rule in the Outbound Rules section - Go to "Control Panel" > "Administrative Tools" > "Computer Management" > " Local Users»>Groups. Right-click on the "Groups" option and select the "Create Group" action.
Create a group of users who can access your FTP server - Specify the name of the FTP group and click "Create".
Come up with a name for the user group - Right-click on the "Users" section and select the action " New user» from the context menu.
Create users to be included in your group - Enter a username and password (at least 8 characters). We recommend checking the checkboxes "Prohibit changing the password by the user" and "Password expires indefinitely". Click the "Create" button.
Set user authorization parameters (name, password), enable or disable available options - Right-click on the created user and select the "Properties" action, then go to the "Group Membership" tab. Click Add.
In the properties of the user you created, on the "Group Membership" tab, click the "Add" button - Enter the name of the group you created in the text box and click Check Names.
Don't forget to click the "Check Names" button after entering the group name in the text field - Go to Control Panel>Administrative Tools>IIS Manager. In the "Connections" section, place the cursor on your FTP site and click the "FTP Authorization Rules" icon.
Place the cursor on your FTP site in the "Connections" menu, then click the "FTP Authorization Rules" icon - Click Add Allow Rule.
Click the Add Allow Rule action for your FTP site - Select the "Specified user roles or groups" option, type your group name in the text field. Check the checkboxes "Read" and "Write". Click OK.
Specify the name of your group and check the checkboxes "Read" and "Write" - If you want to allow access to all users, then click "Add Allow Rule" again and select "All anonymous users". Check the checkbox "Reading" only.
If required, add the right to download files from your FTP server to all users - Now click the FTP Authentication icon.
Click the "FTP Authentication" icon - Right-click on the "Anonymous access" mode and select the "Enable" action. Now to FTP server everyone can join.
Enable anonymous access so that all users can access your FTP server - Click the FTP Logging icon.
Click the FTP Logging icon - In the window that opens, configure logging.
Set up logging for your FTP server
To work with the created server, you can use one of the many FTP clients or just Windows Explorer. Don't forget to set up port forwarding in your router and create routes if you want to provide access to the server via the Internet.
Connecting an FTP resource folder with a network drive in Windows OS
Many users find it more convenient to work with regular disk system, which is displayed in the explorer. Third Party Programs not everyone is welcome to work with disks. To get such a drive, you need to mount the FTP folder and associate it with a logical drive. You can do this in two ways:
- through the "Explorer";
- through a special console utility ftpuse.
Mounting an FTP resource using Windows Explorer
Mounting an FTP resource using the ftpuse console utility
Unfortunately, the FTP share mounted as network drive using the "Explorer", will be visible only in the "Explorer". If you need access to such a disk via file manager or from command line, you have to use special utility ftpuse.
Distributed by ftpuse for free. Once downloaded and installed, the utility is available from any open shell window. In order for the network drive to remain connected even after closing such a window, the utility must be used in conjunction with the PowerShell program. Once the utility is installed, it is available from the command line or the PowerShell processor. 
Using the ftpuse utility, you can configure console access to an FTP server as if it were a network drive.
The PowerShell processor has been part of the OS since Windows 7 SP1. If you do not have the service pack installed, you will have to download the shell setup file from the Microsoft website.
Table: ftpuse utility commands that allow you to configure access to an FTP resource
| devicename | Specifies the name of the logical drive under which the network resource will be mounted in the OS. |
| ftphostname | Specifies the name or address of the server to connect to. |
| remotepath | The network folder that will be used as the root directory of the mounted logical drive. |
| password | Sets the access password. |
| /user | The name of the user who connects to the server. |
| /nopassive | Sets the active mode of operation. |
| /owneraccessonly | The network drive is visible only to the program from which the ftpuse utility is launched. |
| /port | You can set an arbitrary TCP port address used for communication with the server. The default is port 21. |
| /hide | Runs the utility in the background, no messages are displayed on the screen. |
| /debug | The utility is running in debug mode. |
| /delete | Deletes the current session, disconnects from the server and unmounts the disk. |
Examples of the ftpuse utility
Here are some examples of using ftpuse commands to set up a server as a local drive:
- ftpuse F: ftp.abrris.com - this is how we create a logical drive F: in the system, associated with the ftp-server ftp.abrris.com;
- ftpuse F: ftp.abrris.com /USER:junkers 1944 - connect the authorized user junkers with the password 1944 to the ftp.abrris.com server;
- ftpuse F: /delete - disconnect drive F: and disconnect from the server.
An FTP resource connected using the ftpuse utility will always be displayed in Explorer with a disk size of one gigabyte. This is not a bug, but a feature of the utility. However, a disk connected using Explorer will not display its volume at all.
How to set up an FTP server
In the open spaces of the network, you can download a large number of ready-made distributions, which, after unpacking and simple configuration, will deploy a ready-made FTP server on your computer. There are both commercial and free products, not inferior to the first in terms of capabilities. Below we will look at two free solutions that have long become the industry standard for computer enthusiasts and small firms. 
With the launch of a server for the needs of a small office or apartment building even a non-professional can handle
FileZilla Server - flexible, productive and secure
FileZilla Server - developed by the team that created the famous firefox browser. He is different huge amount settings, the availability of versions for 32 and 64-bit operating systems, the ability to remote administration. And for all this range of possibilities you don't have to pay a penny. Installing and configuring the server are divided into several simple steps. The program exists on many platforms, and if you have learned how to set up such a server in Windows environment, then with minimal differences you can do the same in Linux or MAC OS.
Installing FireZilla Server
- After downloading the installation file, run it for execution, and then follow the prompts of the installation wizard.
- Read and accept license agreement.
Accept the license agreement to continue the installation process - Select the required type of installation (we recommend the standart type):
- Decide on the folder where the program will be installed, and proceed to the choice of the FireZilla Server autorun method (we recommend the first option):
- Now specify the port for the server interface. Leaving the default value of 14147 is undesirable for security reasons.
- The final stage of the installation will be the choice of the type of launch of the interface of your server (we recommend the first option):
- Start the installation process by clicking the Install button.
Server Tuning
Having successfully installed software package server, restart your computer and run the FireZilla Server program.
- In the dialog box that appears, specify the server address and port. You don't need to enter a password the first time you connect. This connection will be possible only from the computer on which the software components server. It will not be possible to reach the server from another machine, since the address 127.0.0.1:14147 is used only for local connections.
Enter the server address and port to connect - The Settings section of the Edit menu contains numerous settings that allow you to configure software package properly.
Go to FileZilla Server Settings - On the General Settings tab, you can change the primary settings:
- For the convenience of users, you can set up a text greeting in the Welcome message section, which the client program will show to the user upon successful connection to the server. Using metacharacters, you can configure the output of service information to the client window.
In the Welcome message section, you can set up a welcome message and display service information for users - In the IP bindings section, specify the range of IP addresses from which users can access the server. This section of settings allows you to organize access to the resource only from local network or even from one of its segments.
Limit the range of addresses from which your server can be accessed - Set up address filtering in the IP Filter section: the upper text field is set to the "white" list, and the lower one is set to the "black" list.
Fill in the "white" and "black" lists of IP addresses - Set up logging in the Logging section. Log files can be created anew every day or all statistics will be written in one.
Set up FileZilla Server logging in the Logging section - In the Speed Limits section, you can limit the bandwidth available to the server. You can set up global restrictions, or you can set them according to the calendar and even individual hours. The unit of measure is kilobyte.
If necessary, you can set bandwidth limits in the Speed Limits section - In the Filetransfer compression section, you can configure file compression on upload. But we recommend leaving the default settings.
It is better not to make changes to the Filetransfer compression settings section - It's time to set up the user accounts that will be allowed access to your server resources. Go to the Users section of the Edit menu to open the user management interface.
You can add a new user in the Users section of the Edit menu - Click the Add button to add a new user, give him a login and specify the group membership.
For a new user, set a login and indicate which group he belongs to - For the created user, set a password and a limit on the number of connections to your server.
Set up a user password and allowed number of connections to the server - On the Share Folders tab, you can configure user access to certain resources on your server. To do this, select the Shared folders tab and click the Add button.
Do not confuse the Add buttons: to add folders, you must click the Add button that is highlighted in the picture - Select a folder on the disk, and use the options in the left part of the window to set the necessary access rights:
- read only - read;
- write - write;
- delete - delete;
- changing files in a folder - append.
This completes the initial setup. The server is ready for use, and the security settings meet the criteria for home use or a small office network.
Video: Installing and configuring FileZilla Server step by step
TFTP server for small needs
Among the varieties of FTP and programs for working with them, TFTP stands apart - this is a simplified version of FTP to the limit. The lack of mechanisms to protect traffic and even user authentication does not allow using TFTP to exchange files over the Internet.
But it is the best suited for uploading firmware and firmware to routers, digital TV set-top boxes, tablets and smartphones. The loader of such devices contains a TFTP client that allows you to download and install on the device software, even if it is in emergency mode due to corrupted firmware. 
The main application of the TFTP protocol is the firmware of wireless routers through the recovery console.
Install a TFTP server on your computer:
- Download the distribution package of the program:
- tftpd32 if you have a 32-bit OS;
- tftpd64 if you have a 64-bit OS.
- Install the program in one of two options: standard application or system service.
- If you chose to install the service, then restart your computer when the installation process is complete.
The server does not require special settings, but after starting it, make sure that all settings on the TFTP tab look like in the picture. 
This is how the default settings of the tftpd32 utility look like
The following commands are used to download files from the server or upload to the server via the command line:
- tftp 192.168.1.10 GET filename.txt - to get a file from the server;
- tftp 192.168.1.10 PUT filename.txt - to send a file to the server.
To work with the TFTP client in Windows 7, it must be installed through the "System Components" dialog. In older versions of the OS, the client is available without additional steps.
Adding a TFTP Client Using the System Components Dialog Box Video: working with the TFTP server - emergency recovery of the router firmware
Client programs for connecting to FTP servers
Client programs perform functions such as:
- connection to FTP servers;
- resume files when the connection is broken;
- connection logging;
- storage of many settings to different servers;
- group operations with files;
- server search.
Also, the client programs have a built-in editor that allows you to use the program as a full-fledged website builder.
Total Commander
Perhaps the most popular file manager for Windows. It contains a built-in FTP client that allows you to work with remote server as with a normal logical drive. The program is shareware, and before acquiring a license, it will constantly remind the user that it would be nice to finally buy it. The functionality is not affected. 
Total Commander has a built-in FTP client
FAR
Like Total Commander, this program is a multifunctional two-pane file manager. It is much more ascetic in interface design (it works in text mode), but it is cross-platform - available for half a dozen different operating systems. The FTP client is built into the distribution, and you can start working with sites without installing add-ons. The undoubted advantage is the free program. FTP client activation is carried out using the plugin manager, but this is a very simple and intuitive procedure that will not cause difficulties even for a novice user. 
FAR will be able to work with FTP servers on any operating systems
Another free client program from the creators Mozilla browsers and Firefox. Simple and accessible to the user thanks to a concise interface and excellent Russification. There are versions of FireZilla for Windows, Linux, Mac OS, and even Andriod. 
FileZilla is an FTP client from the creators of the world-famous FireFox browser.
Among the features that distinguish it from competing programs, it should be noted:
- support for a large number of protocols;
- resume downloading files when the connection is broken and support for working with large files;
- cross-platform;
- possibility of bookmarking;
- file drag and drop support ( drag technology& drop);
- flexible transmission speed settings and the ability to reserve part of the Internet channel;
- editing files directly on the server;
- remote file search.
The interface of the free FTPPrush program has a lot in common with products Microsoft Office and configured in a similar way. Of the highlights, it is worth noting:
- the ability to transfer files from server to server without downloading to a computer;
- high-quality implementation of a two-panel interface;
- built-in download manager with configurable download list.
FTPPrush should appeal to MS Office users It is better to work with the English version of the interface, because the quality of Russian localization leaves much to be desired.
CoffeCup Free FTP is a client for the most undemanding and inexperienced users, it allows you to download and upload files with just one click of the mouse. The scarcity of settings is more than offset by intuitive clear interface, high-quality localization and free program. Nevertheless, the program supports a full-fledged two-pane mode and the ability to transfer files from server to server without preloading, and also has a simple HTML editor on board. 
With the CoffeeCup Free FTP client you don't have to worry about settings
Creating an FTP server is an easy way to get multiple file storage on your desktop. A large number of programs and the relative ease of setup make this method very popular. Allocate one computer purely for the server and do not store any other data on it except what should be on the server. And even in this case, two to three dozen users accessing your resource at the same time can almost completely "squander" the Internet channel. And the provider will unobtrusively offer to change the tariff plan to a corporate one. If you need file storage with simultaneous access of a large number of users, then host an FTP server on a commercial hosting. Or use ready-made file sharing portals, such as Google Drive or DropBox.
Today the material will be devoted to the consideration of the process FTP server installation and configuration in operating system Windows Server 2016, and we will also talk about what FTP and FTP server are in general.
What is FTP, FTP server and what is it for?
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a data transfer protocol. It was developed a long time ago and is currently widely used on the Internet to transfer files. This protocol is often used by site administrators in order to download or upload files to their hosting on the Internet.
The FTP protocol is implemented according to the scheme " client-server”, i.e. There are FTP clients and, accordingly, an FTP server.
FTP server is a server on which software is deployed that allows you to receive files from remote computers via the FTP protocol and give them away. The FTP server provides the user with information in the form of a file structure.
FTP client is software designed to gain access to an FTP server. FROM using FTP client, users can download and upload files to the FTP server.
There are actually a lot of programs that allow you to implement an FTP server ( More FTP clients), today, as you already understood, we will talk about the implementation of an FTP server in the Windows Server 2016 operating system using standard role services.
Installing an FTP server on Windows Server 2016
Now we will consider the process of minimal installation for an FTP server, i.e. we will install only what is needed for the FTP server, namely this " FTP service" and "". In other words, let's imagine that you have nothing on the server, and you have a task to deploy an FTP server, for example, so that some remote users who are not employees of your company can download and upload files.
Note! If you have already installed any services of the “IIS Web Server” role and in particular the “IIS Management Console”, then you, of course, do not need to install them, you just need to check whether the “FTP Service” is installed and if it is, then go to the FTP server setup.
In this article, I will show two options for installing an FTP server: the first using a wizard and the second using Windows PowerShell.
Installing an FTP Server Using the Wizard
Step 1
We open " Server Manager”, for example from the start menu.
Step 2
At this step of the wizard, we can immediately click " Further».
Step 3
Then select the type of installation " Installing roles or features", click" Further».
Step 4
In the next step, select the target server, I have one, so I immediately click " Further».
Step 5
At the stage of choosing roles, mark the role " Web server (IIS)».
We will immediately be prompted to install and " IIS Management Console", click" Add Components", since we need these management tools, in order to administer the FTP server, click" Further».
Step 6
At the stage of selecting components, we do not select anything, since we no longer need any components. Click " Further».
Step 7
Step 8
And here we come to the choice of role services " Web server (IIS)”, where we need to uncheck all unnecessary checkboxes ( in case we only need an FTP server), and mark only " FTP service" and " IIS Management Console", click" Further».
Step 9
Check the installation parameters and click " Install».
Step 10
After the installation is completed, the wizard will signal this to us, click " close and restart the server.
Installing an FTP server using Windows PowerShell
To install roles and features in Windows PowerShell there is a special cmdlet Install-WindowsFeature. To install an FTP server using PowerShell, run the following commands.
To install FTP Service
Install-WindowsFeature -Name "Web-Ftp-Service"
To install the IIS Management Console tool
Install-WindowsFeature -Name "Web-Mgmt-Console"
After installation it is better to restart the server.
Setting up an FTP server on Windows Server 2016 with user isolation
After installing the FTP service and the IIS management console, restarting the server, you can proceed to configure the FTP server.
Setting Up Users for the FTP Server
The first thing we need to do is create users or a group and add users to it that we want to give the right to connect to the FTP server.
For example, I will create a UserFTP user. This can be done in the " Computer management". To run this tool go to " Server Manager->Tools->Computer Management».
Then open the item " Local Users and Groups", click right click mouse on the item users and select " New user". Fill in the required fields and click " Create". As a result, we will have a new user.
Setting up the directory structure of the FTP server
Then we need to set up directories. On the C drive, by default, the directory " C:\inetpub\ftproot' is the root directory of the FTP server. In this directory, we will create a separate directory for our FTP site, for example, I called it TestFTP. In it we will create the LocalUser directory ( case is important) - this is for user isolation to work, and already in this directory we create folders with a name that will match the username in my case - this is UserFTP. As a result, the full path to the user directory will look like this - "C:\inetpub\ftproot\TestFTP\LocalUser\UserFTP", and in order to further test the operation of the FTP server, let's create a test file in this directory, for example Test.txt .
Creating and configuring an FTP site
We open " IIS Manager».
Then in the window Connections»right-click on the item « Sites” and choose “ Add FTP site».
Then we enter the name of our FTP site, I called it " TestFTPSite” and specify the directory that will be the root of our FTP site ( we created it earlier). Click " Further».
At this step, we indicate the binding to the IP address, I indicated " All free”, You can select a specific IP from the dropdown list. We also specify the SSL settings here, I indicated " Without SSL", but it's better to use SSL certificate for encryption.
It remains only to configure authentication and users who can connect to our FTP server. I choose " Usual» Authentication, i.e. I do not need anonymous connections, and I specify a specific UserFTP user, I created it a little earlier. It will have both read and write permissions. AT " combat"Environment, as I said, it's better to create a group and add FTP users to it, and in this case we would select the item" Specified user roles or groups” and indicated the group we created. Click " Ready».
Configuring FTP Server User Isolation Options
In order to set up user isolation, i.e. so that each user has his own directory and he cannot see others, select the item “ User isolation».
Mark the item " Username directory (disable global virtual directories)» and press « Apply».
This completes the setup, we check the operation of the FTP server, i.e. try to connect with any FTP client, preferably from another computer. I have connected.
Removing an FTP server in Windows Server 2016
To remove the FTP server, i.e. those roles that we have set above, you can use the wizard, i.e. " Remove Roles and Features Wizard"or the same Windows PowerShell. In order to start the wizard, we also open the server manager and in the menu " Control» choose « Remove roles and features". After the wizard starts, we do the same as during installation, only we do not check the boxes, but rather remove them.
To remove an FTP server from Windows help PowerShell, you can use the cmdlet Uninstall-WindowsFeature. The delete commands will look like this ( after deletion, you need to restart the server).
To remove the IIS Management Console component
Uninstall-WindowsFeature -Name "Web-Mgmt-Console"
To uninstall the "FTP Service" service
Uninstall-WindowsFeature -Name "Web-Ftp-Service"
That's all for me, I hope the material was useful to you, for now!
You can simplify work with Windows computers connected via a local network by activating FTP and TFTP servers, each of which has its own characteristics.
Differences between FTP and TFTP servers
Activating both servers will give you the ability to exchange files and commands between computers or devices connected to each other via a local network or in another way.
TFTP is a server that is easier to open, but does not support any identity verification other than ID verification. Because IDs can be forged, TFTP is not reliable, but it is easy to use. For example, they are used to configure diskless workstations and smart network devices.
FTP servers perform the same functions as TFTP, but they have the ability to authenticate the connected device using a login and password, so they are more reliable. They can be used to send and receive files and commands.
If your devices are connected through a router or use a Firewall, then you need to forward ports 21 and 20 for incoming and outgoing connections in advance.
Creating and configuring TFTP on Windows 7
To activate and configure it, it is best to use free program- tftpd32/tftpd64, which can be downloaded from the developer's official site of the same name. The application is distributed in two forms: service and program. Each type is divided into versions for 32-bit and 64-bit systems. You can use any type and version of the program that suits you best, but below, as an example, actions in a 64-bit program running as a service (service edition) will be given.
Creating and configuring FTP
- Open the computer control panel.
Launching the control panel
- Go to the "Programs" section.
Go to the "Programs" section
- Navigate to the "Programs and Features" subsection.
Go to the "Programs and Features" section
- Click on the "Turn features on or off" tab.
Click on the "Turn features on or off" button
- In the expanded window, find the "IIS" tree and activate all the components included in it.
Activate the "IIS" tree
- Save the result and wait until the included elements are added by the system.
Wait for the components to be added by the system
- Return to home page Control Panel and go to the System and Security section.
Go to the "System and Security" section
- Go to the "Administration" subsection.
Go to the "Administration" subsection
- Open the IIS Manager program.
Open the IIS Manager program
- In the window that appears, go to the tree on the left side of the program, right-click on the "Sites" subfolder and go to the "Add FTP site" function.
Click on "Add FTP Site"
- Fill in the field with the name of the site and write down the path to the folder where the received files will be sent.
We come up with a name for the site and create a folder for it
- The FTP setup starts. In the IP address block, set the parameter "All free", in the SLL block, the parameter "Without SSL". The enabled "Start FTP site automatically" feature will allow the server to turn on automatically every time you turn on the computer.
We set the necessary parameters
- Authentication allows you to choose two options: anonymous - without a login and password, normal - with a login and password. Check the options that apply to you.
Choosing who will have access to the site
- This completes the creation of the site, but there are still some settings that need to be done.
Site created and added to the list
- Return to the "System and Security" section and go from it to the "Firewall" subsection.
Open the "Windows Firewall" section
- Open advanced options.
Let's move on to additional settings firewall
- In the left half of the program, make the "Rules for incoming connections" tab active and activate the "FTP server" and "FTP server traffic in passive mode" functions by right-clicking on them and selecting the "Enable" parameter.
Enable the functions "FTP server" and "FTP server traffic in passive mode"
- In the left half of the program, make the “Rules for outgoing connections” tab active and launch the “FTP server traffic” function using the same method.
Turn on the "FTP traffic" function
- The next step is to create a new account, which will receive all rights to manage the server. To do this, return to the "Administration" section and select the "Computer Management" application in it.
Open the Computer Management application
- While in the "Local Users and Groups" section, select the "Groups" subfolder and start creating another group in it.
Click the "Create Group" button
- Fill in all required fields with any data.
Fill in information about the group being created
- Navigate to the Users subfolder and begin the process of creating a new user.
Click the "New User" button
- Fill in all required fields and complete the process.
Fill in user information
- Open the properties of the created user and expand the "Group Membership" tab. Click on the "Add" button and add the user to the group that you created a little earlier.
Click the "Add" button
- Now navigate to the folder that is given to be used by the FTP server. Open its properties and go to the "Security" tab, click on the "Edit" button in it.
Click the "Change" button
- In the window that opens, click on the "Add" button and add the group that was created earlier to the list.
Select the action "Add allow rule"
- Check the "Specified roles or user groups" box and fill in the field with the name of the previously registered group. Permissions must be given to all: read and write.
Select "Specified user roles or groups"
- You can create another rule for all other users by selecting "All anonymous users" or "All users" in it and setting the permission to read only so that no one except you can edit the data stored on the server. Done, this completes the creation and configuration of the server.
ftp://your_name:[email protected].
To connect to the server not via the local network, but via the Internet, the same addresses are used, but the numbers 192.168.10.4 are replaced by the name of the site you created earlier. Recall that to connect via the Internet received from the router, you need to forward ports 21 and 20.
Reasons why it might not work
Servers may not work correctly if you have not completed all necessary settings described above, or enter any data incorrectly, double-check all the information. The second reason for a breakdown is third-party factors: an incorrectly configured router, Firewall built into the system or a third-party antivirus blocks access, the rules installed on the computer interfere with the server. To solve a problem related to an FTP or TFTP server, you need to accurately describe at what stage it appeared, only then you can find a solution on thematic forums.
How to map as a network drive
To convert a folder allocated for a server to a network drive using standard Windows methods, just do the following:
Third-party programs for setting up the server
The program for managing TFTP - tftpd32 / tftpd64, has already been described above in the article, in the "Creating and configuring a TFTP server" section. You can use the FileZilla program to manage FTP servers.
FTP and TFTP servers are designed to create local and shared sites that allow you to exchange files and commands between users who have access to the server. Checkout all desired settings it is possible both with the help of the built-in functions of the system, and through third party applications. To get some benefits, you can convert the server folder to a network drive.
Hello admin, Please explain to me what is an FTP server and can I create it myself on my computer?
In short, I have a regular one at home. system unit and three laptops, all of these machines are connected to the internet through a router, can I desktop computer make a real FTP server, and directly from all laptops to download and upload files to it? Just installed on a normal computer HDD at 3 TB and it turns out that no one uses it, all relatives prefer laptops, which are already running out of disk space.
Hello friends! Our Ro8 wrote a cool article for you on this topic, we read it.
Firstly, FTP is a protocol for transferring files over the Internet using the "client-server" principle, and An FTP server is a file storage on the Internet, that is, a regular computer with installed Windows 7, 8.1 or Windows Server 2012 and several large hard drives that can contain any of your files. This computer has a program installed, for example - FileZilla Server, anyone else can connect to this computer with: command line, Windows Explorer and various programs, we will consider two in our article:FileZilla Client, and Total Commander. After connecting to You can upload any files (movies, music, etc.) to an FTP server and also download them.
ControlThe FTP server will be implemented by the administrator who installed the program - FileZilla Server. It is in it that you can assign different access rights to each user. (possibility file changes on server): Append (the ability to change files), Read (read only), Write (write), Delete (delete). Naturally, most users can not be given Delete rights (deletion).
- Note: From almost any computer or laptop (even with one hard drive) can be done FTP server and connect other computers to it to receive files and it is not at all necessary that all computers are connected to the same router,An FTP server can be created on the Internet and open to hundreds and thousands of users.
How is the work
As a software implementation of the FTP server, the article will consider the FileZilla Server program, which will be installed on a machine with Windows Server 2012
Also, a computer with pre-installed Windows 8.1 Enterprise (x64) is used as the machine from which the connection to the created FTP server will be made.
In order for a Windows 8.1 machine to connect to an FTP server, the FileZilla Client program will be installed on it (one of the ways to connect using this program)
Go to https://filezilla-project.org and download FileZilla Server and FileZilla Client
Downloaded file FileZilla Server running on a Windows Server 2012 machine, a FileZilla Client file on Windows 8.1 machine. Both programs are installed in the same way. First of all, let's install the FileZilla Server program.
Installing FileZilla Server
After running the downloaded FileZilla Server file on Windows Server 2012, click next
Click Install
Install
FileZilla Server installation process
Installation completed
After installation, the following window will open, in which we enter the local address of the FTP server and click OK
After entering the local address of the FTP server, the main window of the FileZilla Server program will appear
Let's make some settings by selecting Edit-Users
On the General tab, to add a new user, click on the Add button
Enter the username. OK
Opposite Password, check the box and enter the password of the added user
Go to the Shared Folders tab. On this tab, add the FTP01 folder, which will be available to the created user Ro8. Click Add
Specify the pre-created folder FTP01. OK
Select the added folder and specify access rights for it: - Read (read only), Write (write), Delete (delete), Append (the ability to change files in this folder)
Determine the ip address of the machine with Windows Server 2012 (192.168.1.4)
Installing FileZilla Client
We switch to a machine with Windows 8.1 and install the FileZilla Client program
We accept the license agreement
Installation
Installation completed
We have a network shown in the diagram
Let's connect to the FTP server in various ways.
Connect to the FTP server using the command line
On a machine with Windows 8.1, let's start the command line.
Specify the username (Ro8) and enter the password. Password is not displayed when you type
Logged on means that we have logged into the FTP server
Let's create a folder My_Backup_win8.1 on the FTP server by entering the command mkdir My_Backup_win8.1
Let's see the list of folders on the FTP server - by entering the ls command
As you can see, there is a My_Backup_win8.1 folder on the FTP server
Close the connection to the FTP server by entering the bye command
Connecting to an FTP server using the T program otal Commander
Let's launch the Total Commander file manager on a Windows 8.1 machine. To configure the connection to the FTP server, click on the button shown in the screenshot
Click Add
Specify the connection name (arbitrarily), server and port (the server is the ip address of the FTP server, port is 21). Also enter a username and password. OK
Select created FTP connection and click Connect
Connection to FTP server established
To disconnect from the FTP server, click Disconnect
Disconnection from FTP server completed
Connecting to an FTP server using a program FileZilla Client
Launch FileZilla Client
The main program window will open
If you need to create an external ftp server, you can use the Filezilla program. If you need an ftp server inside the network, it's easier to share a folder using standard services.
If you haven't downloaded the program yet, do it right now. After installing and launching it, a small login window will appear on your screen.
The host to connect should be as 127.0.0.1, port 14147, password - empty.
Now we need to move on to the settings of our future ftp server.
1. You need to create a user to connect to the server from outside. Go to the "Edit" menu then select "Users"
2. We press the "ADD" button and indicate the username (account) in the very first field
3. Now you need to add a folder to which the user will connect. Click the "add" button in the "shared folders". I added a wallpaper folder for the desktop.
Password
If you need to specify a password for a user, simply check the box next to "password", and enter it.
Transfer rate
If a specific user If you need to limit the data transfer rate, go to the "Speed Limits" section.
IP filters
To prevent other users from connecting to your server, create your own black list on the "Ip filter" tab.
Now we press the OK button, and try to connect to the server using any ftp client. My connection went through without problems, and I ended up in the Wallpapers folder.
But what if your friend or someone you know wants to connect? Only you can connect to the IP address 127.0.0.1, which means you must specify your current IP address. If no one, even you, can connect using your real IP address, there are two options for which an error occurs.
Connectivity Issues
1. Included windows firewall. By the way, it was because of him that the connection from the outside did not pass
2. The Internet works through a router. To do this, you need to register a route to your local IP indicating port 21.
Turn off firewall
In Windows XP, you need to go.
Register a route in the router
Unfortunately, I don’t know all the settings of various routers, but with an example I can show how this is done on Zyxel. We go into the shell at 192.168.1.1, and then we find the NAt section. In this section, you must specify the "Ftp" service, as well as the local ip address of your computer with the Filezilla program (for example, 192.168.1.33 you may have a different one), do not confuse with the real one.
What happens after adding a rule? When a user accesses your real IP on port 21, the router will connect the user to the FileZilla Server program.
If the connection was successful, you can see the connected user in the log, and also see for what reason this or that user could not connect.