AT Microsoft Word You can add and modify pictures, illustrations, shapes, and other graphic elements. All of them can be edited using a large set of built-in tools, and for more precise work, the program provides the ability to add a special grid.

This grid is an auxiliary tool, it is not printed and helps to perform a number of manipulations on the added elements in more detail. It is about how to add and configure this grid in Word that will be discussed below.

1. Open the document where you want to add the grid.

2. Go to the tab "View" and in the group "Show" check the box next to "Grid".

3. A grid of standard sizes will be added to the page.

Note: The added grid does not go beyond the margins, just like the text on the page. To change the size of the grid, more precisely, the area that it occupies on the page, you need to change the size of the margins.

Change the default grid sizes

You can change the standard sizes of the grid, or rather, the cells in it, only if the page already has some element, for example, a picture or a shape.

1. Double click on the added object to open the tab "Format".

2. In a group “Organize” press the button “Align”.

3. From the button drop-down menu, select last paragraph “Grid Options”.

4. Make the necessary changes in the dialog box that opens, specifying the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the grid in the section “Grid spacing”.

The development of electronics has led to cheaper computer technology, and, as a result, second computers began to appear in users' apartments, and after that the question arose "How to configure local network between two computers?

Connecting computers

The easiest way to connect two computers is with a cable. Let's figure out how to set up a network cable between two computers.

Please note that the cable must be special. In fact, this is the same eight-core twisted pair, but with the only difference that the ends of this cable are crimped differently. The cable is also called a crossover cable. If you look at the crossover cable connectors, you will notice that the green and orange pairs of wires are reversed. This cable plugs into the network card slot of one and the other computers.

Now let's see how to set up a network between two computers. After you have connected the computers to each other, we will make desired settings so that the computers can see each other. First you need to give the computers different names and put them in the same working group.

Do you know that the first test of data transmission technology over the network took place on October 29, 1969 in the USA?

Network setup in Windows XP

Setting up a network between two windows xp computers is done as follows: right-click on the "My Computer" icon, open the context menu and click "Properties", select the "Computer Name" tab, click the "Change" button. You can also set a new name for the computer through the "Start" (see image). In the "Computer Name" field, write, for example, "Comp1", and for the second computer - "Comp2". Name the working group, for example, "OFFICE" (this name will be the same for both computers). Click OK and restart your computer.

Now let's see how to set up communication between two computers. To do this, you need to assign IP addresses to each computer. Click the "Start" button, select "Settings" and "Network Connections". Click the connection icon here right click mouse and open the "Properties" item.

On the "General" tab, select "Internet Protocol (TCP\IP)" and click the "Properties" button. Select the "Use the following IP address" setting and fill in the fields with the address and mask for the first (for example, 192.268.100.240 and 255.255.255.0 respectively) and for the second computer (for example, 192.268.100.245 and 255.255.255.0 respectively). Save the settings by clicking OK. The local network between two windows xp computers is ready.

We make sure that everything works by launching the command line (Start, Run, typing cmd) and sending from the first computer ping command 192.268.100.245. If everything is correct, then a message will appear as a response stating that 4 packets were sent and 4 packets were received.

Provided that one of the PCs is connected to the Internet (for example, via a USB modem), you can set up a network between two windows xp computers, through which the Internet will be distributed to the second computer. To do this, in the properties network connection switch to the "Advanced" tab and check the box that allows other users to access the Internet. Now you know how to make a network between windows xp computers.

After setting up the LAN, you may need to set up the printer to print from computers on the same network. Recommendations on this topic are given. About setting Skype programs on the Windows laptop 7 read .

Network setup in Windows 7/8

Let's see how the local network is configured from two windows computers 7. Click the "Start" button, right-click on the line "Computer" and click "Properties". In the "System" window that opens, click the "Change settings" button. In the "Computer Name" tab, also click the "Change" button and set the names of the computers and the name of the workgroup. Reboot your computer.

Microsoft Corporation since Windows Vista, have greatly changed the security policy of their systems regarding the local network. The operating system seemed new, somehow too complicated, and therefore many could not figure out how to open access to files on a computer. Today we will analyze how this is done using Windows 8.1 as an example, but Vista and 7 have a similar system, and the difference is not fundamental. The local area network can also be used to later create , which will unite all multimedia devices of the house or apartment, or to share files with your phone or tablet.

In my opinion, this is very convenient when, without additional movements, you can play a movie from a computer, laptop or even phone to big screen TV or listen to your favorite music from your phone, on acoustic system without connecting additional wires, although it is already necessary here . But let's move on to setting up a local network.

Video instruction available at link.

Step-by-step instruction

1. For normal functioning local network, all computers on this network must be in the same workgroup, for home network take MSHOME. To install it, we need to follow the following path: open "Control Panel" - "System and Security" - "System" (you can also right-click on the "Computer" shortcut on the desktop and select "Properties" or the key combination " " ). In the window that opens, select "Advanced system settings" in the left column.

   

2. In the window that opens, go to the "Computer Name" tab and click the "Change" button. A dialog box opens in which we need to record a new working group. We prescribe MSHOME (all caps) and click OK. Close the system settings by clicking the OK button and restart the computer.

   

3. Next, it is desirable to configure a permanent IP for both computers. To do this, go to "Control Panel" - "Network and Internet" - "Network and Sharing Center" - on the left side of the "Change adapter settings" window - select the network card, right-click and click "Properties".

   

4. Before completing this item, read the notes under the screenshot. Select "Internet Protocol version 4" and click "Properties", fill in as shown in the picture.

   

   P.S. If your local network is organized through a router with enabled DHCP server- IP address, Default Gateway and DNS Server can be left in automatic mode. This action must be done if you have two computers connected directly or if DHCP is disabled on the router.

   P.P.S. The value of the IP address must be different on computers within the same local network. That is, at this computer we specify IP 192.168.0.7, and the next one already has 192.168.0.8.

Next, we need to configure the visibility of the computer within the local network. To do this, go to "Control Panel" - "Network and Internet" - "Network and Sharing Center" - in the left part of the window, select "Change Extra options sharing" and we will see the profiles of sharing options. Here your task is that in all profiles you must enable “network discovery”, and “file and printer sharing”, and “sharing so that network users can read and write files to shared folders”, as well as “Turn off password protected sharing”. We press to save changes.







5. At this point, we begin to work with folders that we will share on the network. I'll use one folder as an example, but you can open access to everything local disk in a similar scenario.
   First we need to share the folder. It should be borne in mind that if the network is not limited to two computers (for example, some providers (Beeline) provide Internet to apartments based on one large local network), it makes sense not to give the right to change the contents of the folder; if you are sure about the computers included in the local network, feel free to give "Full access". So, open the properties of the folder we need, for this we right-click on the folder and select "Properties", open the "Access" tab and click the "Advanced settings ..." button.

   

6. In the window that opens, check the box "Share this folder", click the "Permissions" button and give the necessary rights to the folder; since this is an example, i give full access to the folder, but you put it at your discretion. That's what I did:

   

7. Click OK to accept the changes, just click OK in the "Advanced sharing settings" window, then in the folder properties go to the "Security" section and click the "Change" button.

   

8. Click the "Add" button, in the window that opens, write "All" (without quotes) and click OK.

   

9. We select in the window our new group and give it full access at the bottom of the window.

   

10. We press OK, in the properties of the folder is also OK and for reliability we restart the computer again.

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And why is it, in fact, needed by an ordinary user. Recall the main concepts of this lesson:

• - a local network is a system of computing devices connected by communication lines, designed to transmit information to a finite number of subscribers;
• - there are three main types of topology of local networks, on the basis of which more complex structures of local communication are built;
• - according to the way computers interact, local networks are peer-to-peer (when all PCs connected to the network are equal) and with a dedicated server.

In this article, we will look at how to create a local network with the same access rights for all its users.

The advantages of such a network include simplicity of design (setting up a home network is quite “too tough” for a beginner) and the economic availability of equipment, but the spectrum functionality such a network is quite limited.

So, to create a local network between computers, we need:

Several computers (in this case, consider the option of a network that combines more than two PCs, but we will tell separately), which will become the nodes of our local network. Each PC must be checked for network card(although most modern devices are equipped with a built-in "network card", but "what the hell is not joking" ...).

• - Network hardware. Both managed (configurable) and unmanaged network equipment can be used to organize local networks. To make a small home network, a simple unmanaged 4-6 port switch is quite suitable.
• - Network cable to connect each computer to network equipment. The total length of the cable directly depends on the final number of PCs, their distance from each other and the architecture of the room (building) in which the local network is created.
• - Connectors(RJ-45 connectors), the number of which also depends on the number of computers connected to the network. So, to compress the cable for each PC, you need at least 2 connectors;
• - Swage(Krimper) - a tool for cable termination. (In its absence, many masters manage with improvised means (for example, a screwdriver), but it will be quite difficult for a beginner to complete this trick).

Creating and configuring a home network

1. Select the computer from which the creation of the local network will begin, and connect it to the network equipment. To do this, on both sides crimp the cable and using RJ-45 connectors we connect it to the ports of the switch and the network card of our computer.

Any advanced settings an unmanaged switch does not require: we only need to register correct settings the local network itself operating system each PC

2. To do this, go to the settings of the computer's network card (we read, windows 8 and windows XP) and write there IP-address this PC. As a rule, the following IP addresses are used here 192.168.1., 192.168.0;

3. Repeat 1-2 points for each computer connected to the network.

Important: the last digit of the IP address of each subsequent PC must differ from the previous one (in the range indicated above): so, if the first computer was assigned IP 192.168.1.1, the second PC will have it - 192.168.1.2, the third - 192.168.1.3 and so on.

When all computers are connected, we check our local network for operability.

You can do this in two ways:

Check for other devices connected to the network in the " network environment» the control panel of this computer;

Ping any computer on this network with a known ip address. Pinging is done like this:

Go to "Start → Run", in the window that opens, assign the command "cmd" and press "Enter";

In the command line window that appears, write ping xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the IP address of the computer we are looking for.

If, after executing the command, we see a similar picture in the command line window, then the home local network we created is fully functional, but if the computer displays a message about “the request timed out” or that “the specified host is unavailable”

- it is necessary to search for and eliminate technical malfunctions of this network.

Now almost every home has a computer or laptop, most often there are several devices at once. You can connect them to each other using a local network. In this article, we will take a closer look at the process of connecting and configuring it.

Combining devices into one local network allows you to use common services, network printer, directly share files and create a play area. There are several different ways connecting computers to the same network:

Method 1: Network cable

Connecting two devices using a network cable is the easiest, but it has one significant disadvantage - only two computers or laptops can be connected. It is enough for the user to have one network cable, insert it into the appropriate connectors on both future network participants and conduct presetting connections.

Method 2: WiFi

For this method two or more Wi-Fi capable devices are required. Creating a network in this way increases the mobility of the workplace, frees from wires and allows you to connect more than two devices. Previously, during configuration, the user will need to manually enter IP addresses on all network members.

Method 3: Switch

The switch option requires multiple network cables, their number must correspond to the number of devices connected to the network and one switch. A laptop, computer or printer is connected to each switch port. The number of connected devices depends only on the number of ports on the switch. The disadvantage of this method is the need to purchase additional equipment and manually enter the IP address of each network member.

Method 4: Router

With the help of a router, a local network is also created. The advantage of this method is that in addition to wired devices, the connection is also made via Wi-Fi, if, of course, the router supports it. This option is one of the most convenient, as it allows you to combine smartphones, computers and printers, set up the Internet on your home network and does not require an individual network settings on every device. There is one drawback - the user is required to buy and configure a router.

How to set up a local network on Windows 7

Now that you have decided on the connection and completed it, you need to carry out some manipulations in order for everything to work correctly. All methods except the fourth one require editing IP addresses on each device. If you connected using a router, you can skip the first step and move on to the next ones.

Step 1: Set up network settings

These steps must be performed on all computers or laptops connected to the same local network. The user does not require any additional knowledge or skills, just follow the instructions:

1. Go to "Start" and select "Control Panel".



2. Go to "Network and Sharing Center".



3. Select an item "Change adapter settings".



4. In this window, select a wireless or LAN connection, depending on the method you have chosen, right-click on its icon and go to "Properties".



5. In the network tab, you must activate the line "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)" and go to "Properties".



6. In the window that opens, pay attention to the three lines with the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway. In the first line, you must write 192.168.1.1. On the second computer, the last digit will change to "2", on the third - "3", and so on. In the second line, the value should be 255.255.255.0 . And the meaning "Main gate" should not match the value in the first line, if necessary, just change the last number to any other.



7. During the first connection, a new window will appear with options network placement. Here you must select suitable type network, this will provide appropriate security and some Windows Firewall settings will automatically be applied.

Step 2: Checking network and computer names

Connected devices must be in the same workgroup but have different names for everything to work correctly. Verification is very simple, you only need to perform a few steps:

If the names match, then change them by clicking on "Change settings". This check must be done on each connected device.

Step 3: Checking the Windows Firewall

Windows Firewall must be turned on, so you need to check this in advance. You will need:

Step 4: Testing the network

The last step is to test the network for functionality. For this, it is used command line. You can perform the analysis as follows:

This completes the process of connecting and configuring the local network. Once again, I would like to draw attention to the fact that all methods other than connecting through a router require manually setting the IP addresses of each computer. In the case of using a router, this step is simply skipped. We hope that this article was useful and that you could easily set up a home or public LAN.